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Comparative sequence analysis of A-type inclusion (ATI) and P4c proteins of orthopoxviruses that produce typical and atypical ATI phenotypes

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Abstract

Some orthopoxviruses produce large proteinaceous intracellular bodies, known as A-type inclusions (ATIs) during infection of host cells. Virions associate with ATIs resulting in distinct phenotypes referred to as V+, V+/ and V−. The phenotype V+ has the virions embedded in the ATI matrix; V− has no virions embedded within or on the surface of the ATI matrix, whereas an aberrant phenotype, the V+/ has virions only on the surface of ATIs. Viruses that do not produce ATI are designated as V0. Recombinant viruses generated from a V+ cowpox virus (CPXV) and a V0 transgenic vaccinia virus (VACV) produced aberrant V+/ ATIs. ATI phenotype is dependent on the A-type inclusion protein (Atip) and the P4c protein. We sequenced the atip and p4c genes of parental and progeny recombinant viruses as well as their flanking sequences. The atip and p4c open reading frames were identical in parental V+ CPXV and hybrid V+/ progenies. Our results suggest that additional viral gene(s) are required for the formation of wild type V+ ATI.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support was provided by the Norwegian Research Council (Project no. 148535/V110), University of Tromsø, Norway and GenØk-Center for Biosafety, Tromsø, Norway. We thank Randi Olsen and Helga Marie Bye for help in preparing the electron micrographs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, 9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke & Ugo Moens

  2. GenØk-Center for Biosafety, 9294, Tromsø, Norway

    Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke & Terje Traavik

  3. Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, 9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Olayiwola A. Adekoya

  4. Section of Arctic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, 9010, Tromsø, Norway

    Morten Tryland

  5. Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, 9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Terje Traavik

  6. Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, 9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Øivind Nilssen

  7. Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of North-Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway

    Øivind Nilssen

Authors
  1. Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke
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  2. Olayiwola A. Adekoya
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  6. Øivind Nilssen
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Correspondence to Øivind Nilssen.

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Okeke, M.I., Adekoya, O.A., Moens, U. et al. Comparative sequence analysis of A-type inclusion (ATI) and P4c proteins of orthopoxviruses that produce typical and atypical ATI phenotypes. Virus Genes 39, 200–209 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-009-0376-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-009-0376-8

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