Abstract
Eprinomectin is only available as a topically applied anthelmintic for dairy cattle. To determine whether eprinomectin can be applied as an injectable formulation in dairy cattle, a novel injectable formulation was developed and was subcutaneously delivered to four lactating dairy cattle at a dose rate of 0.2 mg/ kg. Plasma and milk samples were collected. The concentrations of eprinomectin in all samples were determined by HPLC. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax)of 44.0±24.2 ng/ml occurred 39±19.3 h after subcutaneous administration, equivalent to the Cmax (43.76±18.23 ng/ml) previously reported for dairy cattle after a pour-on administration of 0.5 mg/kg eprinomectin. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) after subcutaneous administration was 7354±1861 (ng h)/ml, higher than that obtained after pour-on delivery (5737.68±412.80 (ng h)/ml). The mean residence time (MRT) of the drug in plasma was 211±55.2 h. Eprinomectin was detected in the milk at the second sampling time. The concentration of drug in milk was parallel to that in plasma, with a milk to plasma ratio of 0.16±0.01. The highest detected concentration of eprinomectin in milk was 9.0 ng/ml, below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of eprinomectin in milk established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives in 2000. The amount of eprinomectin recovered in the milk during this trial was 0.39%±0.08% of the total administered dose. This study demonstrates that subcutaneous administration of eprinomectin led to higher bioavailability and a lower dose than a pour-on application, and that an injectable formulation of eprinomectin may be applied in dairy cattle with a zero withdrawal period.
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Abbreviations
- AUC:
-
area under plasma or milk concentration–time curve
- C max :
-
maximum concentration
- HPLC:
-
high-performance liquid chromatography
- MRL:
-
maximum residue limit
- MRT:
-
mean residence time
- t½ab:
-
absorption half-life
- t½el:
-
elimination half-life
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Baoliang, P., Yuwan, W., Zhende, P. et al. Pharmacokinetics of Eprinomectin in Plasma and Milk following Subcutaneous Administration to Lactating Dairy Cattle. Vet Res Commun 30, 263–270 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3230-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3230-7