Abstract
In invasion ecology, the Residence Time (RT) hypothesis suggests that the longer a species has been introduced to a region, the likelier it is to become invasive. However, obtaining information about RT is challenging for many regions worldwide. Consequently, the time since the species was first recorded in the studied area (Minimum Residence Time, MRT) is commonly used. Nevertheless, the study of MRTs in invasive species is uneven across regions. In this study, we integrated online herbaria sources with literature records of both invasive and non-invasive alien species, along with native woody species, to assess whether invasive alien species in central Argentina exhibit longer MRT than non-invasives at two geographic scales. If RT proves to be a significant factor influencing the invasive potential of a species, one would expect invasive species to have extended RT in herbarium records compared to non-invasive ones, although shorter than those of natives that initially drew the attention of early botanists. We observed a higher MRT for native species compared to alien species, suggesting that the online herbaria data used are sensitive to the dynamics of plant communities over time. The patterns were consistent at both scales. Among alien species, invasives exhibited consistently higher average MRT compared to non-invasives at both scales, providing further evidence of the role of time in invasion dynamics. This study’s methodology is applicable to regions lacking information on the introduction history of alien species but having online herbaria, allowing the testing of the RT hypothesis in different world regions.
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Data availability
The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (U.N.C), both of which have provided facilities used for this study. This research program is funded by Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Secyt) and Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Provincia de Córdoba. We are grateful to Daihana Argibay for the elaboration of the study areas map and Ana Anton for sharing her long experience as Director of Museo Botánico de Córdoba. We also acknowledge Manuel Belgrano (Instituto de Botánica Darwinion herbarium curator) for the information about herbaria collections and Jimena Ponce (Museo Botánico de Córdoba) for the information provided and collaboration in checking specimen’s collection data. Finally, two anonymous reviewers and the subject editor provided useful comments to a previous version of the manuscript.
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The fund was provided by Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba and Ministerio de Ciencia de la Provincia de Córdoba.
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Paula Tecco and Carlos Urcelay contributed to the study conception and design. Valentina Borda and Magali Burni contributed to the material preparation and data collection, while the data analysis were performed by Magali Burni. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Carlos Urcelay and Magali Burni and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Burni, M., Borda, V., Tecco, P.A. et al. Online herbaria databases allow testing the minimum residence time among invasive and non-invasive alien species. Plant Ecol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-024-01407-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-024-01407-8