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Myrtaceae richness and distribution across the Atlantic Forest Domain are constrained by geoclimatic variables

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Abstract

Myrtaceae family presents high species richness in the Atlantic Forest Domain (AFD) of South America, which is considered a world biodiversity hotspot. Evidence indicates that the vegetation composition of the AFD changes from the northern to the southern portion of its territory. We aimed at understanding patterns of Myrtaceae species richness and composition throughout the AFD, underlying geoclimatic variables responsible for Myrtaceae biodiversity distribution. Thus, our study intends to shed light on the relationship between landscape and climate variation to Myrtaceae species richness and composition. We created a matrix of Myrtaceae species occurrence across 57 sites throughout the AFD and extracted geoclimatic co-variables for these sites to predict Myrtaceae diversity and distribution. We explored Myrtaceae composition descriptively through richness and Jaccard dissimilarity index. We employed a generalized linear model and a redundancy analysis (RDA) approach depicting the variations of Myrtaceae richness and distribution related to co-variables. We found 977 Myrtaceae occurrences representing 299 species belonging to 16 genera. The average dissimilarity between locations was 94.5%. Elevation, distance from the ocean, duration of water excess period in days, mean diurnal temperature range, precipitation of wettest month, severity of the water deficit period, and temperature seasonality were the main co-variables that predict the variation in Myrtaceae richness and composition. Our study contributes to understanding biogeographic and evolutionary patterns of Myrtaceae in the Neotropics, providing valuable information for conservation decisions against an overwhelming conjuncture of threats across AFD.

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Data availability

The geoclimatic variables data were extracted from the database NeoTropTree (Eisenlohr and Oliveira-Filho 2015b, Oliveira Filho 2017), available online. The species occurrence data were extracted from the compilation of studies cited in the Supporting Information. Lists of species used in the study, geoclimatic variables, and studied sites were provided in the Supporting Information.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Suzana Alcantara, Dr. Eduardo Giehl, and Dr. Rafael Barbizan Sühs for their valuable input on the study, and Eduardo de Godoy Estevan Ferreira for listing species names to Supporting Information. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable contribution to this manuscript.

Funding

Funding for MAW was provided by CAPES Coordination for Advancement of Higher Education Personnel. JAB is supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) postdoctoral fellowship grants 2018-05970-1 and 2019-11901-5. PF is supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) grant 310502/2019-5.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Mariana de Andrade Wagner

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Juliano A. Bogoni

  3. Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Laboratório de Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Manejo e Conservação de Fauna Silvestre (LEMaC), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil

    Juliano A. Bogoni

  4. School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK

    Juliano A. Bogoni

  5. Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Pedro Fiaschi

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  1. Mariana de Andrade Wagner
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All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by MdAW, JAB, and PF. The first draft of the manuscript was written by MdAW and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mariana de Andrade Wagner.

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We used plant occurrence data from the compilation of published studies. We taxonomically checked the species names and synonyms, to use the correct names. We did not check every occurrence record for their herbarium specimen species determination.

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de Andrade Wagner, M., Bogoni, J.A. & Fiaschi, P. Myrtaceae richness and distribution across the Atlantic Forest Domain are constrained by geoclimatic variables. Plant Ecol 223, 1079–1092 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-022-01258-1

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