Skip to main content
Log in

Underrepresented High Schoolers’ Interests, Engagement, and Experiences in an Information and Communications Technology Summer Workshop: A Three-Year Study

  • Published:
The Urban Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we describe our investigation of underrepresented high school students’ interests, engagement, and experiences in design-based Information and Communications Technology (ICT) summer workshop activities; with the goal of identifying activities, aspects, and/or elements of the program that can be tailored or improved upon to attract, engage, educate, and retain high schoolers who have historically been underrepresented in ICT. Our primary research question is “which activities are most engaging for students typically underrepresented in ICT careers and programs,” and we additionally report on underrepresented students’ experiences and psychosocial changes across the summer workshops. A total of 139 high school students (of which 98 identified as being underrepresented female and/or racially minoritized students) participated in the ICT workshops hosted across three consecutive summers at a large, public, urban university in the Midwestern region of the United States. Employing a mixed methods design, our quantitative results and qualitative findings suggest that underrepresented students in our sample found the summer workshops’ group projects and hands-on courses to be the most engaging activities. Implications of our results/findings are further discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Psychological Association, Coalition for Psychology in Schools and Education. (2015). Top 20 principles from psychology for preK–12 teaching and learning. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ed/schools/cpse/top-twenty-principles.pdf.

  • Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Fallu, J., & Pagani, L. S. (2009). Student engagement and its relationship with early high school dropout. Journal of Adolescence, 32(3), 651–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ardies, J., De Maeyer, S., & Gijbels, D. (2013). Reconstructing the pupils attitude towards technology-survey. Design and Technology Education, 18(1), 8–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bass, K., Hu Dahl, I., & Panahandeh, S. (2016). Designing the game: How a project-based media production program approaches STEAM career readiness for underrepresented young adults. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 25(6), 1009–1024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9631-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beckett, G., Hemmings, A., Maltbie, C., Wright, K., Sherman, M., & Sersion, B. (2016). Urban high school student engagement through CincySTEM iTEST projects. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 25(6), 995–1007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9640-6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belland, B. R., Kim, C., & Hannafin, M. J. (2013). A framework for designing scaffolds that improve motivation and cognition. Educational Psychologist, 48(4), 243–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2013.838920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Eliyahu, A., Moore, D., Dorph, R., & Schunn, C. D. (2018). Investigating the multidimensionality of engagement: Affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement across science activities and contexts. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 53, 87–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.01.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beyer, S. (2014). Why are women underrepresented in computer science? Gender differences in stereotypes, self-efficacy, values, and interests and predictors of future CS course-taking and grades. Computer Science Education, 24(2–3), 153–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butz, A. R., & Usher, E. L. (2015). Salient sources of early adolescents’ self-efficacy in two domains. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 42, 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2015.04.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Connors-Kellgren, A., Parker, C., Blustein, D., & Barnett, M. (2016). Innovations and challenges in project-based STEM education: Lessons from ITEST. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 25(6), 825–832. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9658-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. (5th ed.). Pearson Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doppelt, Y., Mehalik, M. M., Schunn, C. D., Silk, E., & Krysinski, D. (2008). Engagement and achievements: A case study of design process and technology education applications. Journal of Technology Education, 19(2), 22–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, T. G., & McKeachie, W. J. (2005). The making of the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. Educational Psychologist, 40(2), 117–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duran, M., Höft, M., Lawson, D., Medjahed, B., & Orady, E. (2014). Urban high school students’ IT/STEM learning: Findings from a collaborative inquiry- and design-based afterschool program. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 23(1), 116–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-013-9457-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Findley-Van Nostrand, D., & Pollenz, R. S. (2017). Evaluating psychosocial mechanisms underlying STEM persistence in undergraduates: Evidence of impact from a six-day pre-college engagement STEM academy program. CBE - Life Sciences Education. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.16-10-0294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, J.S. (2007). PASCI student self-concept inventory. Retrieved March 18, 2016, from http://www.strivetogether.org/sites/default/files/images/Combined%20PASCI.pdf.

  • Flynn, D. T. (2016). STEM field persistence: The impact of engagement on postsecondary STEM persistence for underrepresented minority students. Journal of Educational Issues, 2(1), 185–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74(1), 59–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harackiewicz, J. M., Smith, J. L., & Priniski, S. J. (2016). Interest matters: The importance of promoting interest in education. Policy Insights from the Behavioral And Brain Sciences, 3(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732216655542.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, M. L., & Sinatra, G. M. (2013). Use of task-value instructional inductions for facilitating engagement and conceptual change. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 38(1), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2012.09.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knezek, G., Christensen, R., Tyler-Wood, T., & Gibson, D. (2015). Gender differences in conceptualizations of STEM career interest: Complementary perspectives from data mining, multivariate data analysis and multidimensional scaling. Journal of STEM Education: Innovations & Research, 16(4), 13–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladner, R. E., & Israel, M. (2016). For all" in "computer science for all. Communications of the ACM, 59(9), 26–28. https://doi.org/10.1145/2971329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J. K., Alston, A. T., & Kahn, K. B. (2015). Identity threat in the classroom: Review of women’s motivational experiences in the sciences. Translational Issues In Psychological Science, 1(4), 321–330. https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000050.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • León, J., Núñez, J. L., & Liew, J. (2015). Self-determination and STEM education: Effects of autonomy, motivation, and self-regulated learning on high school math achievement. Learning And Individual Differences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.08.017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linnenbrink-Garcia, L. L., Perez, T., Barger, M. M., Wormington, S. V., Godin, E., Snyder, K. E., Robinson, K., Sarkar, A., Richman, L. S., & Schwartz-Bloom, R. (2018). Repairing the leaky pipeline: A motivationally supportive intervention to enhance persistence in undergraduate science pathways. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 53, 181–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, S. S., Burton, E. P., Behrend, T., House, A., Ford, M., Spillane, N., Matray, S., Han, E., & Means, B. (2018). Understanding inclusive STEM high schools as opportunity structures for underrepresented students: Critical components. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 55(5), 712–748.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A. J. (2015). The Motivation and Engagement Scale (15th Ed.). Lifelong Achievement Group. www.lifelongachievement.com.

  • National Research Council. (1996). National Science Education Standards, National Academy Press, Box 285, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20055.

  • Ormrod, J. E. (2016). Human learning. (7th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pintrich, P. R., Smith, D. F., Garcia, T., McKeachie, W. J., & Hancock, D. (2004). Motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. Journal of Educational Research, 97(3), 159–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reider, D., Knestis, K., & Malyn-Smith, J. (2016). Workforce education models for K-12 STEM education programs: Reflections on, and implications for, the NSF ITEST Program. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 25(6), 847–858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9632-6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott, A. L., & Martin, A. (2012). Dissecting the data 2012: Examining STEM opportunities and outcomes for underrepresented students in California. Retrieved March 18, 2016, from http://www.cslnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/LPFI-Dissecting-the-Data-2012.pdf.

  • Selcen Guzey, S., Harwell, M., Moreno, M., Peralta, Y., & Moore, T. J. (2017). The impact of design-based STEM integration curricula on student achievement in engineering, science, and mathematics. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 26(2), 207–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2015). Occupational outlook handbook. Retrieved March 18, 2016, from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/home.htm.

  • Vallett, D. B., Lamb, R., & Annetta, L. (2018). After-school and informal STEM projects: The effect of participant self-selection. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 27(3), 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-017-9721-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Broeck, A., Vansteenkiste, M., De Witte, H., Soenens, B., & Lens, W. (2010). Capturing autonomy, competence, and relatedness at work: Construction and initial validation of the Work-related Basic Need Satisfaction scale. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 83(4), 981–1002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wardle, C. (2003). NSF initiatives for the information technology workforce. IEEE Technology & Society Magazine, 22(3), 10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

With the support of the NSF’s Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) Program through Grant #1433769 for the project “Design-Based Information Technologies Learning Experiences (DITLE),” the authors would like to thank evaluator Frederica Frost who was supportive and thorough in her analyses and feedback; instructors Jen Fritz and Tom Wulf who contributed their time and efforts in teaching during the Summer Workshops; as well as Dr. Ashley Vaughn and Lauren Kirgis who aided in data organization and collection. For more on the DITLE program, please visit http://cech.uc.edu/it/ditle-grant.html

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marcus Lee Johnson.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Drs. Marcus Johnson, Hazem Said, Helen Meyer, and Chengcheng Li, along with co-authors Sarai Hedges and Scott Gibbons declare that we have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Johnson, M.L., Said, H., Hedges, S. et al. Underrepresented High Schoolers’ Interests, Engagement, and Experiences in an Information and Communications Technology Summer Workshop: A Three-Year Study. Urban Rev 54, 41–66 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-021-00603-4

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-021-00603-4

Keywords

Navigation