Abstract
This study examines home schooling among Black parents by providing insight to Black families’ beliefs, concerns, and desires for their children’s education. To date, the literature remains void of empirical work related to home education among African American families. However, the present study directly addresses this void. Findings demonstrated that parents’ motivations to home school included issues related to race and home-school interaction. In addition, Black parents reported that religious beliefs influenced their decisions to home school. But, unlike their Caucasian counterparts, Black home educators described a more liberatory form of religion.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
References
Alridge, D. (2003). The dilemmas, challenges, and duality of an African-American educational historian. Educational Researcher, 32, 25–34.
Apple, M. (2006). The complexities of Black home schooling. Teachers College Record. [Available Online at http://www.tcrecord.org] ID Number 12903, access on 3/11/2007.
Anderson, J. (1988). Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
Banks, J. (1998). The lives and values of researchers: Implications for educating citizens in a multicultural society. Educational Researcher, 27, 4–17.
Bauman, K. J. (2001, August) Home schooling in the United States: Trends and characteristics. U.S. Census Bureau 53. Retrieved on June 17, 2007, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0053.html.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22, 723–742.
Creswell, J. (1998). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Crosby, J. D. (1976). Two hundred years of educational development through self help, self reliance, and self determination. The Negro Educational Review, xxvii(3–4), 207–226.
Foster, M. (1997). Black teachers on teaching. New York: New Press.
Frasier, M., Hunsaker, S., Lee, J., Finley, V., Frank, E., Garcia, J., et al. (1995b). Educators’ perceptions of barriers to the identification of gifted children from economically disadvantaged and limited english proficient backgrounds. Storrs, CT: The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.
Frasier, M., Martin, D., Garcia, J., Finley, V., Frank, E., Krisel, S., et al. (1995a). A new window for looking at gifted children. Storrs, CT: The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.
Fuchs, D., & Fuchs, L. (2006). Introduction to response to intervention: What, why, and how is it valid? Reading Research Quarterly, 41/1, 93–99.
Green, C., & Hoover-Dempsey, K. (2007). Why do parents home school? Education & Urban Society, 39(2), 264–285.
Hill, R. (1997). The strengths of African American families: Twenty five years later. Washington, D.C: R & B Publishers.
Hoover-Dempsey, K., & Sandler, H. (1997). Why do parents become involved in their children’s education? Review of Educational Research, 67, 3–42.
Klingner, J., & Edwards, P. (2006) Cultural considerations with response to intervention models. Reading Research Quarterly, 41(1), 108–117.
Knowles, J. G. (1988). Parents’ rationales and teaching methods for home schooling: The role of biography. Education and Urban Society, 21(1), 69–84.
Kunjufu, J. (1990). Countering the conspiracy to destroy Black boys. New Jersey: African American Images.
Kunjufu, J. (2005). Keeping Black boys out of special education. New Jersey: African American Images.
Lines, P. (2001). Homeschooling comes of age. The Public Interest, 140(6), 74–85.
Llewellyn, G. (1996). Freedom challenge: African American homeschoolers. Eugene, OR: Lowry House.
Madden, S. (1991). Learning at home: Public library services to homeschoolers. School Library Journal, 37(7), 23–25.
Madhubuti, H. (1991). Black men: Obsolete, single, dangerous? The Afrikan American family in transition. Chicago, IL: Third World Press.
Mayberry, M. (1988). Characteristics and attitudes of families who homeschool. Education and Urban Society, 21(1), 32–41.
McIntyre, D., & Windham, R. (1995). Homeschooling: Answers to questions parents most often ask. Creative Teaching Press.
Medlin, R. G. (2000). Home schooling and the question of socialization. Peabody Journal of Education, 75(1&2), 107–123.
Merriam, S. (1997). Qualitative research and case study applications in education: Revised and expanded from case study research in education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Oyserman, D., Gant, Larry, & Ager, J. (1995). A socially contextualized model of African American identity: Possible selves and school persistence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(6), 1216–1232.
Pedroni, T. (2007). Market movements: African American involvement in school voucher reform. New York: Routledge.
Princiotta, D., & Bielick, S. (2006). Homeschooling in the United States: 2003, (NCES 2006-042) U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.
Ray, B. (2000). Home schooling for individuals’ gain and society’s common good. Peabody Journal of Education, 75(12), 272–293.
Rudner, L. W. (1999). The scholastic achievement of home school students. Retrieved on July 13, 2007, from http://128.8.182.4/digests/tm9905.pdf.
Shujaa, M. (1994). Too much schooling, too little education: A paradox of black life in white societies. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, Inc.
Shyers, L. E. (1992). A comparison of social adjustment between home and traditionally schooled students. Home School Researcher, 8(3), 1–8.
Smith, M., & Farris, M. (2007). Equal access: Participation of home schooled children in public school activities. Home School Legal Defense Association, Issue Analysis. August 31, 2007. Available at http://www.hslda.org/docs/nche/000000/00000049.asp.
Taylor, R. (1991). Poverty and adolescent Black males: The subculture of disengagement. In P. B. Edelman & J. Ladner (Eds.), Adolescence and poverty: Challenge for the 1990s (pp. 139–162). Washington DC: Center for National Poway Press.
Thomas, B. (2001). The new pioneers: Black home schoolers. Home school legal defense association: The home school court report, 17(4), 4–10.
Torry, S. (1992). Public school-private school debate tugs emotions, purse strings. The Washington Post, p. B1.
Van Galen, J. (1987). Explaining home education: Parents’ accounts of their decisions to teach their own children. The Urban Review, 19(3), 161–177.
Van Galen, J. (1991). Ideologues and pedagogues: Parents who teach their children at home. In J. Van Galen & M. Pitman (Eds.), Home schooling political historical, and pedagogical perspectives (pp. 63–76). Norwood, NJ: ABLEX Publishing Corporation.
Van Galen, J. A., & Pitman, M. A. (1991). Homeschooling: Political, historical and pedagogical perspectives. Cincinnati: University of Cincinnati.
Wartes, J. (1988). The Washington home school project: Quantitative measures for informing policy decisions. Education and Urban Society, 21(1), 42–51.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for a Spencer Foundation Small Research Grant that supported the project presented in this article. The statements made with the article however, do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Spencer Foundation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fields-Smith, C., Williams, M. Motivations, Sacrifices, and Challenges: Black Parents’ Decisions to Home School. Urban Rev 41, 369–389 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-008-0114-x
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-008-0114-x
Keywords
- Home schooling
- African American education
- African American families