Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Pan-immune-inflammation value as a prognostic tool for overall survival and disease-free survival in non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer

  • Urology - Original Paper
  • Published:
International Urology and Nephrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the association between preoperative pan-immune inflammation value (PIV) and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients who underwent radical cystectomy for non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Methods

A total of 119 patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy at our institution between January 2014 and January 2022 were included in this retrospective study. PIV was calculated using the formula (monocyte count × neutrophil count × platelet count)/lymphocyte count. Ideal cut-off values for PIV were determined using ROC curve analysis. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to evaluate the impact of PIV on survival outcomes.

Results

The mean age of patients was 65 ± 14 years, and the mean follow-up duration was 36 months. The ideal cutoff value for PIV was determined to be 406.29, and a PIV above this value was associated with poorer OS (p < 0.001) (73 months vs. 21 months) and DFS (p = 0.002) (35 months vs 19 months). Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values were also associated with poorer OS (p < 0.001) and DFS (p < 0.001), with similar effectiveness to PIV. PIV was found to be significantly more effective than platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in predicting DFS.

Conclusion

Preoperative PIV may serve as an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients who undergo radical cystectomy with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer. A high PIV value was associated with poorer survival outcomes. Prospective multicenter studies are needed to further validate the relationship between PIV and histopathological features of bladder cancer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to reasons of sensitivity and are available from the authors upon reasonable request.

References

  1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A et al (2021) Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin 71(3):209–249

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Pashos CL, Botteman MF, Laskin BL, Redaelli A (2002) Bladder cancer: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Cancer Pract 10(6):311–322

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Chrouser K, Leibovich B, Bergstralh E, Zincke H, Blute M (2005) Bladder cancer risk following primary and adjuvant external beam radiation for prostate cancer. J Urol 174(1):107–110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Yu Z, Yue W, Jiuzhi L, Youtao J, Guofei Z, Wenbin G (2018) The risk of bladder cancer in patients with urinary calculi: a meta-analysis. Urolithiasis 46(6):573–579

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Salem HK, Mahfouz S (2012) Changing patterns (age, incidence, and pathologic types) of schistosoma-associated bladder cancer in Egypt in the past decade. Urology 79(2):379–383

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Witjes JA, Bruins HM, Cathomas R, Comperat EM, Cowan NC, Gakis G et al (2021) European Association of Urology Guidelines on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer: summary of the 2020 Guidelines. Eur Urol 79(1):82–104

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Stein JP, Lieskovsky G, Cote R, Groshen S, Feng AC, Boyd S et al (2001) Radical cystectomy in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer: long-term results in 1054 patients. J Clin Oncol 19(3):666–675

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kluth LA, Black PC, Bochner BH, Catto J, Lerner SP, Stenzl A et al (2015) Prognostic and prediction tools in bladder cancer: a comprehensive review of the literature. Eur Urol 68(2):238–253

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Isbarn H, Jeldres C, Zini L, Perrotte P, Baillargeon-Gagne S, Capitanio U et al (2009) A population based assessment of perioperative mortality after cystectomy for bladder cancer. J Urol 182(1):70–77

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Gakis G (2014) The role of inflammation in bladder cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 816:183–196

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gorgel SN, Akin Y, Koc EM, Kose O, Ozcan S, Yilmaz Y (2020) Retrospective study of systemic immune-inflammation index in muscle invasive bladder cancer: initial results of single centre. Int Urol Nephrol 52(3):469–473

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ofner H, Laukhtina E, Hassler MR, Shariat SF (2023) Blood-based biomarkers as prognostic factors of recurrent disease after radical cystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Mol Sci 24:6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Vartolomei MD, Porav-Hodade D, Ferro M, Mathieu R, Abufaraj M, Foerster B et al (2018) Prognostic role of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 36(9):389–399

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yeh CC, Kao HK, Huang Y, Tsai TY, Young CK, Hung SY et al (2023) Discovering the clinical and prognostic role of pan-immune-inflammation values on oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 15:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yang XC, Liu H, Liu DC, Tong C, Liang XW, Chen RH (2022) Prognostic value of pan-immune-inflammation value in colorectal cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 12:1036890

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Gschwend JE, Heck MM, Lehmann J, Rubben H, Albers P, Wolff JM et al (2019) Extended versus limited lymph node dissection in bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy: survival results from a prospective. Randomized Trial Eur Urol 75(4):604–611

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bassi P, Ferrante GD, Piazza N, Spinadin R, Carando R, Pappagallo G et al (1999) Prognostic factors of outcome after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a retrospective study of a homogeneous patient cohort. J Urol 161(5):1494–1497

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Mathieu R, Lucca I, Roupret M, Briganti A, Shariat SF (2016) The prognostic role of lymphovascular invasion in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Nat Rev Urol 13(8):471–479

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Madersbacher S, Hochreiter W, Burkhard F, Thalmann GN, Danuser H, Markwalder R et al (2003) Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer today–a homogeneous series without neoadjuvant therapy. J Clin Oncol 21(4):690–696

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Bruins HM, Huang GJ, Cai J, Skinner DG, Stein JP, Penson DF (2009) Clinical outcomes and recurrence predictors of lymph node positive urothelial cancer after cystectomy. J Urol 182(5):2182–2187

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Veskimae E, Espinos EL, Bruins HM, Yuan Y, Sylvester R, Kamat AM et al (2019) What Is the prognostic and clinical importance of urothelial and nonurothelial histological variants of bladder cancer in predicting oncological outcomes in patients with muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer? A European Association of Urology Muscle Invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer Guidelines Panel Systematic Review. Eur Urol Oncol 2(6):625–642

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Pietzak EJ, Zabor EC, Bagrodia A, Armenia J, Hu W, Zehir A et al (2019) Genomic differences between “primary” and “secondary” muscle-invasive bladder cancer as a basis for disparate outcomes to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eur Urol 75(2):231–239

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Mori K, Janisch F, Mostafaei H, Lysenko I, Kimura S, Egawa S et al (2020) Prognostic value of preoperative blood-based biomarkers in upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with nephroureterectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 38(5):315–333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Roupret M, Seisen T, Birtle AJ, Capoun O, Comperat EM, Dominguez-Escrig JL et al (2023) European Association of Urology Guidelines on Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: 2023 Update. Eur Urol 84(1):49–64

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Li B, Zhou P, Liu Y, Wei H, Yang X, Chen T et al (2018) Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced cancer: review and meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 483:48–56

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Lei Y, Jiao D, Yao Z, Wang L, Zhao Z (2022) Prognostic values of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte- to-monocyte ratio for patients with muscle- invasive bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. Arch Esp Urol 75(3):287–294

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Chen JH, Zhai ET, Yuan YJ, Wu KM, Xu JB, Peng JJ et al (2017) Systemic immune-inflammation index for predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 23(34):6261–6272

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Topkan E, Kucuk A, Selek U (2022) Pretreatment pan-immune-inflammation value efficiently predicts survival outcomes in glioblastoma multiforme patients receiving radiotherapy and temozolomide. J Immunol Res 2022:1346094

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Dutta R, Abdelhalim A, Martin JW, Vernez SL, Faltas B, Lotan Y et al (2016) Effect of tumor location on survival in urinary bladder adenocarcinoma: a population-based analysis. Urol Oncol 34(12):531

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

None.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Haydarpasa Numune SUAM, Tıbbiye Str. No: 40, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ridvan Kayar, Yavuz Bastug, Emre Tokuc, Ramazan Topaktas, Ilker Artuk & Metin Ozturk

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    Elif Atag Akyurek

  3. Urology Clinic, Kilis Prof.Dr. Alaeddin Yavasca State Hospital, Kilis, Turkey

    Kemal Kayar

Authors
  1. Ridvan Kayar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yavuz Bastug
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Emre Tokuc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ramazan Topaktas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Elif Atag Akyurek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Kemal Kayar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ilker Artuk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Metin Ozturk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

RK: conceptualization, methodology, data collection and analysis, manuscript writing. YB: conceptualization, manuscript writing and editing, supervision. ET: methodology, data analysis, manuscript writing and editing. RT: methodology, manuscript editing. EAA: data collection and analysis. KK: conceptualization, data collection. IA: data analysis, manuscript writing. MO: supervision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emre Tokuc.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have nothing to disclose.

Compliance with ethical standards

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study protocol is approved by the institutional local ethics board on 03.04.2023 with the decision number HNEAH/KAEK-2023/KK/62.

Informed consent

Written informed consent forms indicating their data may be anonymously used are obtained from all patients participating in the study.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kayar, R., Bastug, Y., Tokuc, E. et al. Pan-immune-inflammation value as a prognostic tool for overall survival and disease-free survival in non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 56, 509–518 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-023-03812-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-023-03812-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation