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Efficacy of plasma atherogenic index in predicting malignancy in the presence of Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System 3 (PI-RADS 3) prostate lesions

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Abstract

Purpose

Plasma atherogenic index (PAI) was shown to be positively correlated with the presence of malignity in patients with suspicious findings for renal cell cancer and colon cancer in reported studies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether there is an association with the presence of malignity in patients PI-RADS 3 prostate lesions and PAI.

Methods

This retrospective study reviewed the data of 139 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasonography-guided systematic and cognitive fusion prostate biopsy for PI-RADS 3 lesions in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. The patients were divided to two groups as malign (n = 33) and benign (n = 106). The association between age, body mass index, comorbidities, smoking status, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density, free/total PSA, prostate weight, lesion diameter, triglyceride value, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol value, PAI value data and presence of malignity were investigated by descriptive, multivariate and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results

PSA, PSAD, lesion diameter and PAI value were statistically significantly higher in the malignant group compared to the benign group, and the free/total PSA ratio was lower. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, PSA > 9.9 ng/ml, free/total PSA < 12.1%, lesion diameter > 13.5 mm and PAI > 0.13 were identified as independent risk factors for presence of prostate malignancy.

Conclusion

PAI was found to be a predictive parameter for prostate cancer in PI-RADS 3 prostate lesions. Our study can open new thoughts about PAI as metric to assess the prostate cancer risk.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Figshare Repository at https://figshare.com/s/1b5021c69e26f68be453.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Funding

The author(s) received no financial support for the research or authorship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Ankara City Hospital, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, 1604. Cadde No: 9 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey

    Samet Senel, Kazim Ceviz, Yusuf Kasap, Sedat Tastemur, Erkan Olcucuoglu, Emre Uzun & Muhammed Emin Polat

  2. First Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Antonios Koudonas

  3. Department of Radiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Firathan Sarialtin

Authors
  1. Samet Senel
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  2. Kazim Ceviz
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Contributions

Conception and design: SS, AK, and ST; data acquisition: KC, EU, and MEP; data analysis and interpretation: YK, KC, and FS; drafting the manuscript: SS and AK; critical revision of the manuscript for scientific and factual content: MEP; statistical analysis: SS; supervision: EO.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Samet Senel.

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The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The present study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Ankara City Hospital (approval number: E2-22-2396).

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Senel, S., Ceviz, K., Kasap, Y. et al. Efficacy of plasma atherogenic index in predicting malignancy in the presence of Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System 3 (PI-RADS 3) prostate lesions. Int Urol Nephrol 55, 255–261 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-022-03409-9

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