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Impact of social and clinical factors on the diagnostic delay of chronic kidney disease: an evaluation study

  • Nephrology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the impact of social and clinical factors on the diagnostic delay of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Iranian patients.

Materials and methods

Our study was conducted on 350 CKD patients who were referred to Faghihi and Motahari clinics (the two largest kidney diseases referral centers in Shiraz the capital of Fars province). Data were collected via an interviewer-administered questionnaire. A multiple linear regression model was used to measure the effect of factors affecting the delay of CKD diagnosis.

Results

The medians and Interquartile ranges (IQR) of all delays, patient delay, and doctor delay were 6.5 (0–12.2), 5.1 (0–11.2), and 0.9 (0–3.1) months, respectively. The results showed that women were diagnosed 1.61 months earlier than men (p < 0.05). The duration of all delays in patients residing in the rural areas was 1.28 months longer than patients residing in the urban areas (p < 0.05). Also, patients with perceived good economic status were diagnosed 1.30 months earlier than patients who reported having very poor economic status (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The delay is in part due to the neglect and misinterpretation of symptoms by both patients and physicians. It is necessary to improve the awareness of CKD among general public and medical professionals.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to its being the intellectual property of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

RRT:

Renal replacement treatment

KDIGO:

Kidney disease improving global outcomes

CKD-EPI:

Chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration

Cr:

Creatinine

BMI:

Body mass index

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Acknowledgements

This paper is part of a thesis conducted by Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh, Ph.D. student of epidemiology, and a research project conducted at the Medical University of Shiraz (99-01-04-22719). We would like to thank all of the nephrologists of Shiraz University of medical sciences, interviewers, and CKD patients in Shiraz for their voluntary engagement in the study and for providing data for the study.

Funding

Shiraz University of Medical Sciences financially supported this study. (Grant number: 99-01-04-22719).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh

  2. HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 71645-111, Shiraz, Iran

    Mohammad fararouei

  3. Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Mozhgan Seif

  4. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Bahram Shahryari

  5. Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Maryam Pakfetrat

Authors
  1. Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh
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  2. Mohammad fararouei
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  4. Bahram Shahryari
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Contributions

MGG: conceptualization, methodology, statistical analysis, investigation, and writing the draft of the manuscript. MP and BSH were involved in methodology, writing the draft of the manuscript, and clinical consultation. MS was involved in the methodology and statistical analysis. MF was involved in conceptualization, methodology, supervision, writing, and reviewing the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad fararouei.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethical committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (approval number: 1399.865).

Consent to participate

The participants were assured that their information is used for research proposes only. Because of the illiteracy of a considerable number of the patients, verbal consent was obtained from the participants.

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Ghelichi-Ghojogh, M., fararouei, M., Seif, M. et al. Impact of social and clinical factors on the diagnostic delay of chronic kidney disease: an evaluation study. Int Urol Nephrol 54, 1603–1612 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-021-03037-9

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