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Arylesterase activity but not PCSK9 levels is associated with chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes

  • Nephrology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Purpose

Oxidative stress and dyslipidemia have been found to be associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Paraoxonase 1 (PON-1) activity, and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels play an important role regarding anti-oxidants, and lipid metabolism, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of PON-1 activity, and PCSK9 levels with CKD in T2DM.

Methods

A total of 180 T2DM (87 CKD, and 93 non-CKD) with age-, and gender-matched subjects were recruited in this study. PON-1 activity was measured with two kinds of substrate: paraoxon for paraoxonase (PONase) activity and phenylacetate for arylesterase (AREase) activity. PCSK9 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

AREase activity was significantly lower in CKD compared with non-CKD (225.53 ± 108.73 vs. 257.45 ± 106.12 kU/L, p = 0.044) in T2DM, whereas there was no significant difference in PONase activity and PCSK9 levels between CKD and non-CKD groups. In addition, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the lowest tertile of AREase increased the risk for CKD in T2DM (OR 3.251; 95% CI 1.333–7.926, p = 0.010), whereas PONase activity and PCSK9 levels were not associated with CKD in T2DM.

Conclusion

Reduced AREase activity can increase the risk for CKD in T2DM patients. AREase activity, but not PONase activity and PCSK9 levels, may be used as the biomarker for predicting the progression of CKD in T2DM.

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Funding

Walailak University fund (WU-IRG-62-020, and No. 08/2562). This research was partially supported by the New Strategic Research (P2P) project (phase 2), Walailak University, Thailand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, 222 Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

    Nutsiwat Didas & Nutjaree Jeenduang

  2. Department of Medicine, Thasala Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

    Witsawat Thitisopee

  3. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Sureerut Porntadavity

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  1. Nutsiwat Didas
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  2. Witsawat Thitisopee
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Contributions

ND contributed to perform the experiment, and interpretation of the data, WT contributed to the patient recruitment and discussion. SP contributed to the protocol development and results discussion. NJ contributed to the involved in gaining ethical approval, data analysis and interpretation, and the development of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nutjaree Jeenduang.

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Didas, N., Thitisopee, W., Porntadavity, S. et al. Arylesterase activity but not PCSK9 levels is associated with chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes. Int Urol Nephrol 52, 1725–1732 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-020-02547-2

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