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Exploring sex-specific differences in the presentation and outcomes of ANCA-associated vasculitis: a nationwide registry-based cohort study

  • Nephrology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Purpose

Sex-specific differences in the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN) stratified by histological classification have not been previously investigated.

Methods

Patients with biopsy-verified pauci-immune necrotizing GN and positive ANCA serology in the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry between 1991 and 2012 were included. Patients with ESRD during follow-up were identified from the Norwegian Renal Registry. ESRD-free survival stratified by histological classifications was investigated.

Results

We analyzed 358 patients, of whom 87 progressed to ESRD during follow-up. Overall ESRD-free survival at 1 and 5 years in the entire cohort was 81 and 71% in males versus 90 and 80% in females, respectively; 94 and 84% in males versus 98 and 98% in females with focal histology, respectively; 85 and 76% in males versus 89 and 77% in females with mixed histology, respectively; 72 and 58% in males versus 90 and 78% in females with crescentic histology, respectively; and 52 and 46% in males versus 60 and 38% in females with sclerotic histology, respectively. Males had an increased risk of ESRD (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.44 [1.56–3.82]; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Male sex is associated with increased risk of ESRD across all histological classes of ANCA-GN.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all nephrologists and pathologists in Norway who reported important data to the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry. We thank Torbjørn Leivestad for linkage of the data from the study cohort with that of the Norwegian Renal Registry. We also thank Editage (http://www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91b, 5021, Bergen, Norway

    Rune Bjørneklett & Vilde Solbakken

  2. Emergency Care Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway

    Rune Bjørneklett

  3. Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway

    Leif Bostad

  4. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Bergen, Norway

    Anne-Siri Fismen

Authors
  1. Rune Bjørneklett
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  2. Vilde Solbakken
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  3. Leif Bostad
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  4. Anne-Siri Fismen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rune Bjørneklett.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

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Bjørneklett, R., Solbakken, V., Bostad, L. et al. Exploring sex-specific differences in the presentation and outcomes of ANCA-associated vasculitis: a nationwide registry-based cohort study. Int Urol Nephrol 50, 1311–1318 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-018-1888-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-018-1888-8

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