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Is low magnesium a clue to arteriovenous fistula complications in hemodialysis?

  • Nephrology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Purpose

Magnesium insufficiency is a pro-atherogenic factor involved in endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and vascular calcification. Our aim was to examine the role of magnesium in the development of arteriovenous fistula complications in hemodialysis.

Methods

This was a retrospective clinical investigation of data from 88 patients who were divided into two groups: those with and without arteriovenous fistula complications. We examined the influence of sex, demographics, and clinical and laboratory parameters. The existence of fistula stenosis was determined by measuring Doppler flow, while B-mode ultrasound was used to detect plaques and evaluate the carotid artery intima–media thickness.

Results

Patients with arteriovenous fistula complications had significantly higher leukocyte counts (p = 0.03), platelet counts (p = 0.03), phosphate concentrations (p = 0.044), and alkaline phosphatase concentrations (p = 0.04). Patients without complications had significantly greater blood flow through the arteriovenous fistula (p < 0.0005), higher magnesium concentrations (p = 0.004), and a lower carotid artery intima–media thickness (p = 0.037). The magnesium level was inversely correlated with leukocyte (p = 0.028) and platelet (p = 0.016) counts. The magnesium concentration was significantly lower in patients with carotid artery plaques (p = 0.03). Multiple linear regression, using magnesium as the dependent variable in patients with arteriovenous fistula complications, indicated statistically significant correlations with platelet (p = 0.005) and leukocyte (p = 0.027) counts and carotid plaques (p = 0.045).

Conclusions

Hypomagnesemia is a significant pro-atherogenic factor and an important predictor of arteriovenous fistula complications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kragujevac Medical Faculty, Clinic of Urology and Nephrology, Clinical Center Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia

    Radojica V. Stolic

  2. Faculty of Medicine Pristina/K. Mitrovica, University of Pristina, Anri Dinan bb, Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220, Serbia

    Aleksandar N. Jovanovic, Mirjana M. Kostic, Andrijana M. Odalovic, Sasa R. Sovtic, Maja V. Sipic, Slavica D. Pajovic & Zorica N. Sojevic-Timotijevic

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotic 8, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Goran Z. Trajkovic

Authors
  1. Radojica V. Stolic
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  2. Aleksandar N. Jovanovic
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  3. Goran Z. Trajkovic
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  4. Mirjana M. Kostic
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  7. Maja V. Sipic
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  8. Slavica D. Pajovic
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  9. Zorica N. Sojevic-Timotijevic
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Correspondence to Radojica V. Stolic.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study (retrospective study), formal consent is not required. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

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Stolic, R.V., Jovanovic, A.N., Trajkovic, G.Z. et al. Is low magnesium a clue to arteriovenous fistula complications in hemodialysis?. Int Urol Nephrol 48, 773–779 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-1207-6

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