Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Anemia at one year is an independent risk factor of graft survival

  • Nephrology – Original Paper
  • Published:
International Urology and Nephrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Post-transplant anemia is multifactorial and highly prevalent. Some studies have associated anemia with mortality and graft failure. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the presence of anemia at 1 year is an independent risk factor of mortality and graft survival.

Methods

All patients transplanted at a single center who survived at least 1 year after transplantation and showed no graft loss (n = 214) were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected at baseline and at 1 year. Patients were divided into two groups (anemic and nonanemic) based on the presence of anemia (hemoglobin < 130 g/l in men and 120 g/l in women).

Results

Baseline characteristics such as age, gender, type of donor, CKD etiology, rejection, and mismatches were similar in both groups. Creatinine clearance was similar in both anemic and nonanemic groups (69.32 ± 29.8 × 75.69 ± 30.5 ml/mim; P = 0.17). A Kaplan–Meier plot showed significantly poorer death-censored graft survival in the anemic group, P = 0.003. Multivariate analysis revealed that anemic patients had a hazard ratio for the graft loss of 3.85 (95% CI: 1.49–9.96; P = 0.005).

Conclusions

In this study, anemia at 1 year was independently associated with death-censored graft survival and anemic patients were 3.8-fold more likely to lose the graft.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Lorenz M, Kletzmayr J, Perschl A et al (2002) Anemia and iron deficiencies among long-term renal transplant recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 13(3):794–797

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Molnar MZ, Novak M, Ambrus C et al (2005) Anemia in kidney transplanted patients. Clin Transplant 19(6):825–833

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Montanaro D (2007) Anemia after renal transplantation. G Ital Nefrol 24(1):13–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Fernandez FG, Palomar R, Rodrigo E et al (2005) Prevalence of anemia in renal transplant patients: results from MOST, an observational trial. Transplant Proc 37(9):3821–3822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Joist H, Brennan DC, Coyne DW (2006) Anemia in the kidney-transplant patient. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 13(1):4–10

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Rigatto C (2006) Anemia, renal transplantation, and the anemia paradox. Semin Nephrol 26(4):307–312

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kadambi PV, Javaid B (2004) Cardiovascular diseases in kidney transplant recipients: the role of anemia. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 11(3):328–333

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Winkelmayer WC, Lorenz M, Kramar R et al (2004) Percentage of hypochromic red blood cells is an independent risk factor for mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 4(12):2075–2081

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Molnar MZ, Czira M, Ambrus C et al (2007) Anemia is associated with mortality in kidney-transplanted patients–a prospective cohort study. Am J Transplant 7(4):818–824

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Silverberg DS, Wexler D, Iaina A et al (2006) The interaction between heart failure and other heart diseases, renal failure, and anemia. Semin Nephrol 26(4):296–306

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Zalunardo N, Levin A (2006) Anemia and the heart in chronic kidney disease. Semin Nephrol 26(4):290–295

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Nangaku M (2004) Hypoxia and tubulointerstitial injury: a final common pathway to end-stage renal failure. Nephron Exp Nephrol 98(1):e8–e12

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rossert J, Froissart M (2006) Role of anemia in progression of chronic kidney disease. Semin Nephrol 26(4):283–289

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kasiske BL, Vazquez MA, Harmon WE et al (2000) Recommendations for the outpatient surveillance of renal transplant recipients. American Society of Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol 11(Suppl 15):S1–S86

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Vanrenterghem Y, Ponticelli C, Morales JM et al (2003) Prevalence and management of anemia in renal transplant recipients: a European survey. Am J Transplant 3(7):835–845

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Vanrenterghem Y (2004) Anaemia after renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 19(Suppl 5):V54–V58

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Drueke TB, Locatelli F, Clyne N et al (2006) Normalization of hemoglobin level in patients with chronic kidney disease and anemia. N Engl J Med 355(20):2071–2084

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gouva C, Nikolopoulos P, Ioannidis JP et al (2004) Treating anemia early in renal failure patients slows the decline of renal function: a randomized controlled trial. Kidney Int 66(2):753–760

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, ZIP Code: 18.610-000, Brazil

    Luís Gustavo Modelli de Andrade, Juliana Maria Gera Abrão & Maria Fernanda Cordeiro Carvalho

Authors
  1. Luís Gustavo Modelli de Andrade
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Juliana Maria Gera Abrão
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maria Fernanda Cordeiro Carvalho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luís Gustavo Modelli de Andrade.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

de Andrade, L.G.M., Abrão, J.M.G. & Carvalho, M.F.C. Anemia at one year is an independent risk factor of graft survival. Int Urol Nephrol 44, 263–268 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-010-9854-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-010-9854-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation