Assessment of the knowledge of living unrelated donors of the complications of kidney donation in Iran

Abstract

Living unrelated donors (LURDs) constitute the major source of renal allograft in Iran. LURD transplantation (Tx) is performed in a controlled program, supervised by university Tx teams, and assisted by the Dialysis and Transplant Patient’s Association (DATPA). This study evaluated the knowledge of donors about possible short- and long-term complications of kidney donation and the need for regular follow-up. We interviewed 100 consecutive living donors/donation candidates (all called donors), 35 in the postoperative period in the renal Tx ward, and 65 after completion of preoperative assessment in the office of the DATPA, to assess their knowledge about complications of nephrectomy and their intention to participate in the postoperative follow-up. Seventy-nine donors were men and 21 women. Mean age was 27 ± 4.4 years. Ninety-seven donors were unrelated to the recipient and three were related (LRD). The motivation for donation was altruistic in nine (three LRD and six LURD) and financial in 89. Eighty donors were not aware of the possible short- or long-term complications of nephrectomy. Six donors mentioned the possibility of potential intraoperative complications, and 16 mentioned the risk of renal failure. Only 44 donors knew that they should visit doctors regularly after donation, most of them (61%) from the postoperative group. We conclude that most donors do not have enough knowledge about possible in-hospital and long-term complications of kidney donation and may not participate in regular follow-up after operation. Considering the young age of our renal Tx donors, we suggest that they should receive more preoperative orientation (both verbal and written) about possible complications and the need for regular postoperative medical follow-up.