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A Retrospective Study on the Influence of Apolipoprotein E and Serum Lipids in Progressive Renal Failure

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Abstract

Background: Progression of renal failure is associated with altered lipoprotein metabolism. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism is an important genetic marker for dyslipidemia. The main purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the influence of apolipoprotein E polymorphism and serum lipids level on the progression rate in a group of patients with kidney diseases of diverse etiology. Methods: Progression rate, with regard to apolipoprotein E polymorphism and initial serum creatinine value, median (162 μmol/l), was determined by reviewing the charts of 385 patients on renal replacement therapy with a median follow-up time of 4.85 years. Results: Progression rate was negatively correlated to serum cholesterol in the group with type 2 diabetes (p= 0.001). In addition, the urine albumin excretion rate (UAER) was higher in type 2 diabetics carrying the ɛ2 allele (2.1 g/l) as compared to non-ɛ2 allele carriers (1.2 g/l) (p=0.009). Although serum cholesterol in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) carrying the apolipoprotein ɛ4 allele was 5.87 ± 1.0 mmol/l, which was significantly higher compared to non-ɛ4 carriers, 4.97 ± 1.1 mmol/l (p=0.026), progression rate was similar in the two groups, 4.4 ± 0.8 μmol/l/year. An increase in the relative frequency of the apolipoprotein ɛ4 allele was found in patients with ADPKD (0.29), as compared to (0.16) in the rest of the diagnostic groups (p=0.0023). In addition, in the whole study population a positive correlation was found between progression rate and underlying disease (p < 0.005), UAER (p < 0.005) and blood pressure (p < 0.005). Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the decline of renal function in patients with diabetes type 2 may not be associated with levels of plasma cholesterol, but with triglyceride lipoproteins, considered remnant lipoproteins. Any association between cholesterol and apolipoprotein ɛ4 allele with progression in ADPKD may not necessarily be straightforward since this disease is influenced by other genetic and unidentified factors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, University Hospital of Malmo, 20502, Malmo, Sweden

    L. Roussos

  2. Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Lund, Lund, Sweden

    Peter-Nilsson Ehle

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Lund, Lund, Sweden

    Claes-Henrik Florén

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  1. L. Roussos
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  2. Peter-Nilsson Ehle
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  3. Claes-Henrik Florén
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Correspondence to L. Roussos.

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Roussos, L., Ehle, PN. & Florén, CH. A Retrospective Study on the Influence of Apolipoprotein E and Serum Lipids in Progressive Renal Failure. Int Urol Nephrol 37, 329–334 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-004-5536-0

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