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From green to grey: Unravelling the role of urbanization on diversity of dung beetles in an Amazonian landscape

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Abstract

The Brazilian Amazon has undergone an intense process of urbanization responsible for changes in the land use and land cover patterns in the last decades. Therefore, understanding the impacts resulting from the urbanization of Amazon become urgent, both to preserve biodiversity and associated ecosystem functions and services, since Amazon region comprise a key ecosystem regarding biodiversity and ecological dynamics. We studied, for the first time, the impact of urbanization on dung beetles, a recognized bioindicator group, in an Amazonian landscape. For this, we assessed the dung beetle taxonomic and functional responses along a preserved-rural-urban habitat gradient in an Amazonian city, and how landscape predictors affect dung beetle diversity. We found a consistent shift in species composition and reduction of both taxonomic and functional diversity from forest patches located outside the city towards those located in the city core. In addition, forest cover was the main driver of dung beetle responses at the landscape scale, where the increase of forest cover positively affected dung beetle diversity. Our results provide evidence that urbanization negatively impacts the dung beetle taxonomic and functional diversity in Amazonian cities, and reinforce the importance of maintaining forest cover to conserve dung beetles in tropical forests. Finally, the development of sustainable initiatives for the conservation of biodiversity in urban landscapes, such as public policies aimed at the maintenance of urban forest fragments, can help to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem processes within cities and to mitigate the urbanization impacts.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. At the end of the experiment, the specimens were deposited in the Entomological Collection of Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso following standard procedures.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello (UFMT) for the identification of the dung beetles. RPS was supported by Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico/UNAM. KRF received a PhD sandwich scholarship from the Coordenacão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoa de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil) (88881.846405/2023-01). KRF is grateful to IFMT for the grant provided (Edital 48/2021 – PROPES/IFMT Pesquisa Aplicada PIBIC).

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Bioecologia de Scarabaeoidea (Scaralab), Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79200-000, Brazil

    César M. A. Correa

  2. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Juína, Mato Grosso, 78320-000, Brazil

    Kleyton Rezende Ferreira

  3. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico

    Renato Portela Salomão

  4. Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

    Renato Portela Salomão

  5. Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), División de Ciencias Ambientales, San Luis Potosí, CP 78216, SLP, Mexico

    Fredy Alvarado

  6. Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, Unidade de Execução de Pesquisa de Rio Largo, Rio Largo, Alagoas, 57100-000, Brazil

    Elio Cesar Guzzo

  7. Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Proteção de Plantas, Rio Largo, Alagoas, 57100-000, Brazil

    Elio Cesar Guzzo & Kleyton Rezende Ferreira

Authors
  1. César M. A. Correa
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  2. Renato Portela Salomão
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  3. Fredy Alvarado
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  4. Elio Cesar Guzzo
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  5. Kleyton Rezende Ferreira
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Contributions

CMAC and RPS wrote the manuscript and analyzed the data, FA wrote the manuscript and obtained the landscape variables. ECG and KRF performed the experiments and reviewed the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to César M. A. Correa.

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Ethical approval

The experimentation was no invasive and complied with Brazilian law.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Supplementary file1 (DOCX 121 KB)

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Correa, C.M.A., Salomão, R.P., Alvarado, F. et al. From green to grey: Unravelling the role of urbanization on diversity of dung beetles in an Amazonian landscape. Urban Ecosyst (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-023-01488-9

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