Table 1 Summary of landscape variables determined for three spatial scales, showing the median values for sites at three distances from large urban areas. Numbers in bold are significantly different between urban distance bands (Kruskal–Wallis tests); superscript letters denote post hoc groupings

From: Effects of urbanisation and landscape heterogeneity mediated by feeding guild and body size in a community of coprophilous beetles

		250 m			500 m			1 km
		Urban	Fringe	Rural	Urban	Fringe	Rural	Urban	Fringe	Rural
Composition (ha)	MANMADE (ha)	3.4^a	0.5^b	0.5^b	18.7^a	3.3^b	2.2^b	85.8^a	25.2^b	10.4^b
	GARDEN (ha)	3.0^a	0.4^b	0.0^b	20.8^a	1.5^b	1.2^b	99.8^a	13.6^b	9.9^b
	WOODED (ha)	2.7	5.3	5.0	5.5^a	9.9^ab	16.7^b	20.9^a	35.7^a	60.7^b
	SCRUB (ha)	2.3	0.5	1.6	4.1	4.1	5.9	12.2	13.0	23.3
	OPEN (ha)	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.8	2.0	1.5	5.0	7.1	6.6
	WATER (m²/ha)	433	347	86	0.2	0.3	0.4	2.6	1.9	1.2
	IMPGRASS (ha)	4.6	5.0	3.6	11.1	21.2	13.8	54.0^a	106.7^b	82.7^b
	ARABLE (ha)	0.0^a	1.7^b	0.1^ab	0.0^a	18.6^b	9.3^b	0.0^a	74.5^b	73.8^b
Configuration	DUNGAV	0.7	3.5	2.5	3.0^a	15.1^b	12.1^b	15.0^a	66.5^b	54.7^b
	WOPATCH (ha)	0.7	15.8	16.3	2.8^b	3.6^b	19.9^a	2.9^b	4.8^b	14.6^a
	SCPATCH (ha)	0.6	0.3	0.8	0.9	1.4	2.2	2.0	1.5	2.1
	OPPATCH (m²/ha)	126	0	0	126	0.4	0.3	1.5	11.0	1.1
	WOODDIS (m)	59	36	48	97^a	82^ab	63^b	146^a	113^ab	75^b
	SCRUBDIS (m)	76	99	83	114	128	125	155	156	143
	OPENDIS (m)	274	288	383	386	338	353	665	466	352
	GARSIZE (m²)	147	332	0	168^a	1062^b	1440^b	187^a	538^b	1425^c

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