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Effect of a preventive strategic control program, with imidocarb dipropionate, against tick fever agents in dairy calves

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Abstract

Chemoprophylaxis with dipropionate imidocarb (IMD) is a method adopted to prevent cattle tick fever (TF). Sixty weaned dairy heifers (±60 days old), without previous exposure to Rhipicephalus microplus ticks, were housed in Tifton paddocks and were subsequently exposed to R. microplus ticks and monitored up to 315 days old. Thirty animals were kept as controls (T01) and 30 received five preventive strategic treatments with IMD at 21-day intervals (T02). The heifers were monitored weekly by means of packed cell volume (PCV) and blood smears to evaluate the presence of TF agents. Salvage treatments (ST) with diminazene and enrofloxacin were administered when animals showed PCV ≤ 24%. The A. marginale prevalence was 39.3% and 37.7%, B. bovis 6.0%, and 7.3%, and B. bigemina 16.3% and 13.7% for T01 and T02, respectively. Regarding PCV values, group T01 showed lower PCV than group T02, between 119 and 161 days of life, but when animals were 196, 210, 217, and between 252 to 301 days old, an inversion occurred. The IMD treatment protocol was effective in group T02 from day 91 to 175 while treatment was being administered, but from day 182 to 315 after the IMD treatment protocol was completed, the number of salvage treatments against TF agents performed in T02 group increased significantly. The sequential application of IMD treatments with intervals less than 21 days is not recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Histefania Costa Alves, Vanessa Ferreira Salvador, Luccas Lourenzo Lima Lins Leal, Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais, Lídia Mendes de Aquino, Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto, Luciana Maffini Heller, Dina Maria Beltran Zapa, Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro & Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes

  2. Veterinarian, Figueiredo Farm, Cristalina, Goiás, Brazil

    Pedro Henrique Amancio Afonso

  3. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Lorena Lopes Ferreira

  4. Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

    Breno Cayeiro Cruz

  5. Universidade Brasil, Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil

    Vando Edésio Soares

  6. Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro & Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes

Authors
  1. Histefania Costa Alves
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  2. Pedro Henrique Amancio Afonso
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  3. Vanessa Ferreira Salvador
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  4. Luccas Lourenzo Lima Lins Leal
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  7. Lídia Mendes de Aquino
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  13. Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
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  14. Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
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Contributions

HCA, PHAA, VFS, LLLLL, IMLM, LMA, LFMC, LMH, and DMBZ: investigation and data curation. LLF: writing—original draft and review and editing. BCC and CMOM: writing—review and editing. VES: formal analysis. WDZL: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, project administration, and writing original draft.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes.

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Ethics approval

This study received approval from the Animal Use Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil (certificate number: 099/22) and was conducted in compliance with the ethical principles governing animal experimentation of the Brazilian National Animal Experimentation Control Council (CONCEA).

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Alves, H.C., Afonso, P.H.A., Salvador, V.F. et al. Effect of a preventive strategic control program, with imidocarb dipropionate, against tick fever agents in dairy calves. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 315 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03709-x

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