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Effect of forage to concentrate ratio on growth performance and feeding behavior of Thalli lambs

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of forage to concentrate ratio (F:C) on growth performance and feeding behavior of Thalli lambs. For this purpose, twenty-one male Thalli lambs with initial live body weight (26.30 ± 3.02 kg) were selected and divided into three experimental groups in a randomized complete block design. The experimental duration was 12 weeks. The experimental diets were F:C (100:0), F:C (80:20), and F:C (60:40). Alfalfa hay was used as forage source. Lambs fed F:C (60:40) and F:C (80:20) diets showed higher dry matter intake (DMI), total dry matter intake (TDMI), organic matter intake (OMI), weight gain, growth rate, better feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency as compared to the lambs fed F:C (100:0) (P < 0.05). The results also showed that crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and total digestible nutrient (TDN) intake were maximum in F:C (60:40)-fed lambs (P < 0.05). However, higher crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intakes were seen in the F:C (100:0)-fed lambs (P < 0.05). The results of nutrient digestibilities revealed the improved OM, DM, CP, and ADF digestibilities in lambs fed with F:C (60:40) and F:C (80:20) (P < 0.05). The digestibility of NDF and CF were not affected by the all-dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Behavior results explored that eating time, and chewing time was higher in F:C (100:0)-fed lambs (P < 0.05), while standing time, lying time, and abnormal behavior were increased in lambs fed with F:C (60:40) and F:C (80:20) (P < 0.05). Based on the results, it is concluded that the addition of concentrate at 20% and 40% improves growth performance and increases DMI, TDMI, OMI, and nutrient digestibility. However, standing time, lying time, and abnormal behavior increase by feeding of the 20% and 40% concentrate. Therefore, it is suggested that the concentrate should be supplied in restricted amounts to improve lambs’ welfare and normal behavior without influencing their performance.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank master’s students, Hafiz Nawaz Ali, Imran Shahid, Saad Jameel, Wahab Liaquat, Awais Ali, and Gohar Ayub, for their assistance to conduct the current study. We also thank the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, for the financial support of the current experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Farhan Ayaz Chishti, Muhammad Aziz ur Rahman, Karamo Jatta, Muhammad Riaz, Qamar Bilal, Urooj Anwar & Sibtain Ahmad

  2. School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of the Gambia, Serrekunda, Gambia

    Karamo Jatta

  3. Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Sajjad Khan

  4. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Hassan Munir Bajwa & Fahd Rasul

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All the authors worked in a coordinated way. Muhammad Farhan Ayaz Chishti has done experimentation, data analysis, and manuscript drafting. Karamo Jatta and Urooj Anwar: data collection. Sajjad Khan, Muhammad Riaz, and Qamar Bilal: data analysis. Muhammad Aziz ur Rahman: conceived experiment, manuscript preparation. Sibtain Ahmad, Hassan Munir Bajwa, Fahd Rasul: manuscript finalization.

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The experiment was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Permit Number: DGS/35157–60, dated 15–12-2019).

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Chishti, M.F.A., Rahman, M.A.u., Jatta, K. et al. Effect of forage to concentrate ratio on growth performance and feeding behavior of Thalli lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 236 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03226-3

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