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Response of three local chicken ecotypes of Ghana to lentogenic and velogenic Newcastle disease virus challenge

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Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the response of three Ghanaian local chicken ecotypes to LaSota (lentogenic) and virulent field strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Local chickens sampled from the Interior Savannah (IS), Forest (FO) and Coastal Savannah (CS) agro-ecological zones were bred and their offspring were challenged with LaSota NDV at 4 weeks of age. The LaSota challenge was replicated four times with different chicken groups. A total of 1438 chicks comprising 509 Coastal Savannah, 518 Forest and 411 Interior Savannah ecotypes were used. Pre- and post-challenge anti-NDV antibody titre levels were determined via ELISA assays. A second trial was conducted by introducing sick birds infected with virulent NDV to a flock of immunologically naïve chickens at 4 weeks old. Body weights were measured pre- and post-infection. Sex of the chickens was determined using a molecular method. In both trials, there was no significant difference among ecotypes in body weight and growth rate. In the LaSota trial, anti-NDV antibody titre did not differ by ecotype or sex. However, there was a positive linear relationship between body weight and antibody titre. In the velogenic NDV trial, survivability and lesion scores were similar among the three ecotypes. This study confirms that a relatively high dose of LaSota (NDV) challenge has no undesirable effect on Ghanaian local chicken ecotypes. All three Ghanaian local chicken ecotypes were susceptible to velogenic NDV challenge. Resistance to NDV by Ghanaian local chickens appears to be determined more by the individual’s genetic makeup than by their ecotype.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry (cooperative agreement number AID-OAA-A-13-00080). The contents are the responsibility of the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 226, Legon, Accra, Ghana

    Christopher K. Tudeka, Augustine Naazie, Princess K. Botchway, Esinam N. Amuzu-Aweh, Godwin K. Agbenyegah, Ben Enyetornye, Diana Fiadzomor & Boniface B. Kayang

  2. Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics To Improve Poultry, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Christopher K. Tudeka, George K. Aning, Augustine Naazie, Princess K. Botchway, Esinam N. Amuzu-Aweh, Godwin K. Agbenyegah, Ben Enyetornye, Perot Saelao, Ying Wang, Terra R. Kelly, Rodrigo Gallardo, Jack C. M. Dekkers, Susan J. Lamont, Huaijun Zhou & Boniface B. Kayang

  3. Livestock and Poultry Research Centre, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 38, Legon, Accra, Ghana

    Christopher K. Tudeka

  4. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 68, Legon, Accra, Ghana

    George K. Aning & Ben Enyetornye

  5. Animal Production Directorate, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Accra, Ghana

    Godwin K. Agbenyegah

  6. Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Perot Saelao, Ying Wang & Huaijun Zhou

  7. One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

    Terra R. Kelly

  8. Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

    Rodrigo Gallardo

  9. Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    Jack C. M. Dekkers & Susan J. Lamont

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  1. Christopher K. Tudeka
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Contributions

HZ, TRK, SJL, JCMD, RG, GKAn, AN and BBK contributed to the study conception and design. CKT, PKB, GKAg, BE and DF conducted experiments, collected samples and ran laboratory assays under the supervision of BBK, AN and GKAn. PS and YW provided support for laboratory assays, data collection and quality control. ENA-A and JCMD analysed the data. The first draft of the manuscript was written by CKT and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and also read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Boniface B. Kayang.

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The experimental protocols used in this study were approved by the Intuitional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (RPN 001/CSIR-IACUC/2014) and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of California, Davis (IACUC #17853).

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Tudeka, C.K., Aning, G.K., Naazie, A. et al. Response of three local chicken ecotypes of Ghana to lentogenic and velogenic Newcastle disease virus challenge. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 134 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03124-8

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