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BVDV, BHV-1 and BLV antibodies in dromedary camels of Turkey kept without and with ruminants

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Abstract

Camels are the only animals bred to sustain the tradition of wrestling in Turkey and are reared within a limited set of geographic areas. Farmers of such animals may also be engaged in ruminant breeding. The current research was aimed at documenting bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), and bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infections in sera collected from dromedary camels in four different geographical regions of Turkey during the years 2019–2021. All samples were tested for BVDV, BHV-1 and BLV antibodies as well as BVDV antigen by ELISA. Antibodies against BVDV were found in 16.8% of the camel sera tested. However, none of the camels sampled were positive in terms of BHV-1 and BLV antibodies as well as BVDV antigen. The prevalence was observed higher in the herds in which ruminants were raised in addition to camels (OR = 4.583, 95% CI, 1.298–16.182), (p = 0.018), while the prevalence was observed lower in the herds in which only camels were raised. This study showed that BVDV infection was more prevalent than BHV-1 and BLV infections in Turkish dromedary camels. Herewith, the camels, being a susceptible species to numerous viral ruminant diseases, may also serve as an important source of BVDV infection for other ruminant animals in the same flock.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey

    Veysel Soydal Ataseven & Fırat Doğan

  2. Department of Virology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey

    Kemal Gürel

  3. Viral Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Pendik Veterinary Control, Istanbul, Turkey

    Züleyha Pestil

  4. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey

    Pınar Ambarcıoğlu

  5. Şah Veterinary Clinic, Aydın, Turkey

    Mustafa Kayhanlar

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  1. Veysel Soydal Ataseven
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  2. Kemal Gürel
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  3. Züleyha Pestil
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All authors have read and approved to final version of the manuscript. VSA and KG contributed significantly to the content and design of the work. PA analysed statistically all data and, MK and KG sampled all sera. Writing—original draft preparation:VSA; Laboratory testing: VSA, KG, ZP and FD; English proofreading: ZP.

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Correspondence to Veysel Soydal Ataseven.

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Ataseven, V.S., Gürel, K., Pestil, Z. et al. BVDV, BHV-1 and BLV antibodies in dromedary camels of Turkey kept without and with ruminants. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-03030-5

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