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Frequency of genotypic markers for genetic disorders, colour, polledness, and major genes in Blanco Orejinegro cattle

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Abstract

The purpose of this work was to establish DNA marker frequencies for genetic disorders, colour, horned/polled trait, and major genes of importance for productive and reproductive traits in Blanco Orejinegro (BON) cattle. The Blanco Orejinegro breed is a Colombian creole breed characterized by a white hair coat on black skin with black ears, black hair on the middle part of the legs, and absence of horns. We genotyped 420 animals of Colombia, 70 with the GGP-Bovine 150 K chip and 350 with the GGP-Bovine 50 K chip. The markers were associated with 50 genetic diseases, 52 major gene variants related to productive traits, and 12 variants related to coat coloration, presence of horns, and adaptation, selected from the information contained in the chips. Genotype frequencies were estimated using the R statistical program. Genetic disorder annotations were derived using the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals tool (OMIA) and the average inbreeding coefficient (F) (n = 7799) using the MTDFNRM program. Carriers were found for 16 of the genetic disorders evaluated but with low frequencies (0.24 to 2.46%); no homozygous animals were found for the disorders. Carriers were associated with disorders such as bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD), deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase (DUMPS), syndactyly, and epidermolysis bullosa (EB). The F was 4.41%. Concerning the genes associated with colour (TYR, MC1R, and PMEL), alleles related to black pigmentation, the absence of horns (polledness), and slick coat (an adaptive trait) were highly frequent (> 81.90%). Markers associated with milk production and quality, yellow fat, and fertility showed variable frequencies, indicating selection potential. Allele frequency of genetic disorders in BON cattle was low, suggesting few genetic disorder problems, with syndactyly being the most frequent condition. The markers associated with colour and polledness were almost fixed, with a frequency at or near 100%. Production and reproduction markers showed variability for selection.

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The data sets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available through the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Abbreviations

BLAD:

Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency

DUMPS:

Deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase

CMD2:

Congenital muscular dystonia type 2

Pompes:

Glycogen storage disease II

WS:

Weaver syndrome

EB:

Epidermolysis bullosa

HH1:

Holstein haplotype

TYR :

Tyrosinase

TYRP1 :

Tyrosinase-related protein 1

MC1R (MSHR):

Melanocortin 1 Receptor

PMEL :

Premelanosome protein (silver dilutor)

Polled:

Absence of horns

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Acknowledgements

We thank the managers of participating herds for supplying the information required to develop this study.

Funding

The authors are thankful to MINCIENCIAS for financing this study (contract FP44842-015–2018), to Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín campus, and Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira as co-financing and executing entities of the project, “Knowing our creole resources: genomic analysis and search for genome regions associated with productive, reproductive, and health traits in Blanco Orejinegro cattle” (code 110177658049).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Investigación Biomolecular Y Pecuaria (BIOPEC), Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia

    Sindy Caivio-Nasner

  2. Grupo de Investigación Biodiversidad Y Genética Molecular (BIOGEM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia

    Albeiro López-Herrera, Luis G. González-Herrera & Juan C. Rincón

  3. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia

    Albeiro López-Herrera & Luis G. González-Herrera

  4. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia

    Juan C. Rincón

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  1. Sindy Caivio-Nasner
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Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by all authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sindy Liliana Caivio-Nasner and Juan Carlos Rincón, and the other authors made their contributions to later versions of the paper.

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Correspondence to Sindy Caivio-Nasner or Juan C. Rincón.

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Caivio-Nasner, S., López-Herrera, A., González-Herrera, L.G. et al. Frequency of genotypic markers for genetic disorders, colour, polledness, and major genes in Blanco Orejinegro cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 53, 546 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02990-y

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