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Single nucleotide polymorphisms of leptin gene in five Ethiopian indigenous cattle breeds and the Korean Hanwoo breed

Tropical Animal Health and Production volume 53, Article number: 202 (2021) Cite this article

Abstract

Considering the escalating number of scientific reports on the association between the leptin gene and diverse physiological traits and performance of cattle populations, this study was directed towards identifying SNPs in the leptin gene among five indigenous cattle breeds of Ethiopia. DNA samples were extracted from the nasal swabs of the Ethiopian indigenous cattle breeds: Arsi (n = 18), Horro (n = 20), Begait (n = 21), Boran (n = 19), and Fogera (n = 17) and the Korean Hanwoo (a representative taurine breed) (n = 20), followed by PCR amplification of exon 2 and exon 3 regions of the leptin gene and sequence analysis of the PCR products. Five SNPs, two (generating missense mutations) on exon 2 and three (generating silent mutations) on exon 3 regions, were explicated in this study. Allele frequency and genotype frequency distribution pertaining to the SNPs were recorded for the studied cattle breeds besides the minor allele frequency and deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Positive FIS index values were recorded for all the markers except SNP2, illustrative of heterozygote deficiency. MEGA X software-based evolutionary divergence analysis of the phylogenetic tree based on the SNP data revealed that the large-sized breeds, Hanwoo, Begait, Boran, and Fogera, were more closely clustered compared to the small-sized Arsi breed. Among the seven haplotypes documented from the various breeds, sequence analysis was suggestive of haplotypes 1 and 2 to be ancestral haplotypes for the leptin gene. This study is envisaged to accelerate molecular breeding programs for the genetic improvement of the Ethiopian cattle breeds.

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  1. Rocktotpal Konwarh

    Present address: Division of Nanobiomaterials and Nanomedicine, Uniglobe Scientific Pvt. Ltd., 7/9, Kishan Garh, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Ayele Mandefro & Rocktotpal Konwarh

  2. Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Ayele Mandefro & Tesfaye Sisay

  3. Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, South Korea

    Kwan-Suk Kim & Zewdu Edea

  4. Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute, P.O. Box 2490, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Hailu Dadi

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Contributions

AM executed the work as a part of his Ph.D. thesis and drafted the manuscript. ZE assisted in the experiments. TS, KK, and HD supervised the entire project and participated in the manuscript drafting and editing. RK participated in the drafting and editing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hailu Dadi.

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The animals used in this study were owned by governmental institutions (ranches) established for the purpose of beef, milk, and research. Prior to sampling, the objectives of the investigation were explained to the responsible bodies (ranch managers and experts), and informed consent was obtained to sample the animals. Government veterinary, animal welfare, and health regulations were observed during sampling. The procedure involving sample collection followed the recommendation of directive 2010/63/EU.

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Mandefro, A., Sisay, T., Kim, KS. et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of leptin gene in five Ethiopian indigenous cattle breeds and the Korean Hanwoo breed. Trop Anim Health Prod 53, 202 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02642-1

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Keywords

  • Ethiopia
  • Cattle population
  • Genetic diversity
  • SNP
  • Leptin gene
  • Haplotype