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Single nucleotide polymorphisms at heat shock protein 90 gene and their association with thermo-tolerance potential in selected indigenous Nigerian cattle

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Abstract

Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 gene provides protection and adaptation to thermal assault and certain polymorphisms have been associated to heat tolerance in humans and animals. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HSP 90 gene were used to evaluate the scientific basis of heat tolerance in four zebu breeds of Nigeria. The DNA was extracted from skin tissue of 90 adult bulls representing White Fulani (WF), Sokoto Gudali (SG), Red Bororo (RB), and Ambala (AM). The SNPs were determined in DNAs using PCR, sequencing, and visualization and bio-editing by chromatogram in SeqMan Ngen tool. Subsequently, respective genotypes were constructed and genotypic and allelic frequencies were computed. Also, body parameters related to heat stress (HS) including body temperature (BT), rectal temperature (RT), and respiratory rates (RR) were taken for each animal before biological sampling and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) was calculated. We detected four SNPs distinct/specific for each breed as follows: change from thymine (T) to guanine (G) at position 116 (T116G) in RB, G to cytosine (C) at 220 (G220C) in SG, G to adenine (A) at two positions, 346 (G346A) and 390 (G390A) in AM and WF, respectively. Heterozygous SNPs showed significantly lower values (P < 0.0001) for BT, RT, RR, and HTC than homozygous genotypes at all positions. We hypothesize that animals with heterozygous SNPs in exon 3 of HSP 90 may be tolerant to HS. These SNPs can be used as bio-markers for screening large populations of cattle for tolerance to hot tropical conditions in Nigeria and other sub-humid places.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the management of slaughter houses in Nigeria for giving us permission to sample from the animals in their custodian.

Funding

The Government of India funded the main analyses of this study in a form of visiting scholarships through the Research Fellowship for Developing Countries Scientists (RFD-CS) to GOO and CV Raman International Fellowship for African Researchers for GMM. Both programs are administered by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) of the Government of India, New Delhi.

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Conceptualized and designed the experiments: GOO, COI, AOF, OO, AKT, CS; contributed reagents: AKT, CS, GKT; performed the experiments: GOO, GMM, CS; carried out the analysis: GOO, GMM, CS; did the statistical analyses: GOO; drafted the manuscript: GOO, GMM; structured scientific content: GOO, GMM, CS, TMS, OO, AY; all authors provided editorial suggestions and revisions, and read and approved the final draft: GOO, GMM, AKT, CS, GKT, TMS, JSD, ASA, OO, AOF, MO, AY, COI.

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Correspondence to George M. Msalya.

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We declare to the Editor of the Biochemical Genetics that this is our original work and has not been submitted for publication elsewhere. Animal welfare was not compromised anytime during this study and all of our research protocols were cleared by the responsible institutions both in Nigeria and India prior to embarking on the various activities reported here.

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Onasanya, G.O., Msalya, G.M., Thiruvenkadan, A.K. et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms at heat shock protein 90 gene and their association with thermo-tolerance potential in selected indigenous Nigerian cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 52, 1961–1970 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02222-9

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