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The use of antibiotics in cattle in North-East Benin: pharmaceutical inventory and risk practices of cattle breeders

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Abstract

This study’s aim is to inventory antibiotics used in cattle in North-East Benin and assess risk practices that could be the cause of both food chain contamination by antibiotic residues and selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in animals and humans. A survey was conducted among 98 cattle breeders in the districts of Banikoara, Kandi, Bembereke, and Kalale in North Benin. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, covering breeder status, breeding system, and antibiotic use. Multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical classification analysis were conducted to establish a breeder typology. Breeders mainly belonged to the Fulani ethnic group (71.4 ± 8.9%) and almost all of them received “no formal education” (96.9 ± 3.4%). Cattle herds were mainly composed of a single breed, the Borgou (76.4 ± 8.1%) or the Fulani Zebu (16.0 ± 7.0%). Some herds were mixed. Antibiotics groups used in cattle breeding were tetracyclines, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and macrolides, used by respectively 100%, 69.4 ± 9.1%, 56.1 ± 9.8%, 44.9 ± 9.8%, and 34.7 ± 9.4% of breeders. These drugs were purchased in local markets (59.0 ± 15.4%) and veterinary pharmacy (41.0 ± 15.4%). They were mainly used against respiratory diseases, lameness, mastitis, omphalitis and neonatal enteritis, and skin diseases. Only 49.0 ± 9.9% of breeders seek veterinary services to treat animals and 92.9 ± 5.1% of them did not respect antibiotic withdrawal times. These practices suggest that both contamination of bovine meat with antibiotic residues and selection of resistant bacteria are to be expected, resulting in adverse health effects on consumers.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the cattle breeders, traders of veterinary drugs, rural development officers of Communal Sectors for the Agricultural Development of the study area, and speaker translators for their respective interests in the investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, bât. B43bis, 10 Avenue de Cureghem, Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    S. R. Dognon, C. Douny & M. L. Scippo

  2. Department of Animal Production and Health, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Meat Technology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009, Cotonou, Benin

    S. R. Dognon & A. K. I. Youssao

  3. Tropical Veterinary Institute, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Sustainable Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, bât. B43, 10 Avenue de Cureghem, Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    N. Antoine-Moussiaux & N. Moula

  4. Department of Functional Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât. B41 Pharmacologie, pharmacothérapie et toxicologie, Avenue de Cureghem 5-5D, Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    P. Gustin

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  1. S. R. Dognon
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  2. N. Antoine-Moussiaux
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  4. P. Gustin
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  7. A. K. I. Youssao
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Correspondence to S. R. Dognon.

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Dognon, S.R., Antoine-Moussiaux, N., Douny, C. et al. The use of antibiotics in cattle in North-East Benin: pharmaceutical inventory and risk practices of cattle breeders. Trop Anim Health Prod 50, 1683–1699 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1612-9

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