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Efficacy of a type 2 PRRSV modified live vaccine (PrimePac™ PRRS) against a Thai HP-PRRSV challenge

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Abstract

The Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) has caused a severe threat to the pig population in Southeast Asian countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a type 2 PRRSV modified live vaccine (PrimePac™ PRRS, lineage 7) against a Thai HP-PRRSV (10PL01, lineage 8). Three-week-old PRRSV-free pigs were randomly assigned into three groups. Vaccinated challenged group (group 1, n = 16) was immunized with PrimePac™ PRRS vaccine at 3 weeks old. The unvaccinated challenged group (group 2, n = 16) was injected with PBS at 3 weeks old, and unvaccinated unchallenged group (group 3, n = 10) was served as a negative control. At 9 weeks old, all groups, except the negative control group, were challenged with the Thai HP-PRRSV. All pigs were monitored daily during 10 days post-infection (dpi) and were necropsied at 10 and 17 dpi. The results revealed that vaccinated challenged pigs showed significantly lower (p < 0.05) mean rectal temperatures, clinical respiratory scores, lung lesion scores, and levels of virus load in serum and lung tissue compared with the unvaccinated challenged pigs. Moreover, vaccinated challenged pigs exhibited PRRSV-specific serum neutralizing antibodies at the end of the experiment. Our findings indicated that the studied type 2 PRRSV vaccine provided partial protection against the Thai HP-PRRSV infection based on the body temperature, levels of viremia, and the severity of lung lesions. These results demonstrated that partial protection of PrimePac™ PRRS vaccine might be useful for controlling HP-PRRSV infection in the endemic area.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the staff of Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories and the graduate students in Veterinary Pathobiology Program, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, for their kindly supported.

Funding

The study was financially supported by The 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund), the Chulalongkorn University Graduate Scholarship to commemorate the 72nd Anniversary of the His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej (C.S.), and the MSD animal health Ltd. (Thailand) study number RES_58_056_31_003.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Rd., Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Chaitawat Sirisereewan, Yonlayong Woonwong, Jirapat Arunorat, Roongtham Kedkovid, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech & Komkrich Teankum

  2. Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand

    Yonlayong Woonwong

  3. Interdisciplinary Program in Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Teerawut Nedumpun

  4. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Rd., Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Sanipa Suradhat

  5. Center of Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Rd., Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Sanipa Suradhat & Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

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  1. Chaitawat Sirisereewan
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  2. Yonlayong Woonwong
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Correspondence to Komkrich Teankum.

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Sirisereewan, C., Woonwong, Y., Arunorat, J. et al. Efficacy of a type 2 PRRSV modified live vaccine (PrimePac™ PRRS) against a Thai HP-PRRSV challenge. Trop Anim Health Prod 50, 1509–1518 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1589-4

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