Abstract
This study reports a prevalence and risk factor survey of brucellosis in small ruminants in Southern Zone of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia between October 2011 and April 2012 to determine the sero-prevalence of small-ruminant brucellosis and to identify associated risk factors for the occurrence of disease in small ruminants under extensive production system. Multistage random sampling was followed to select locations, flocks, and individual animals. Laboratory analysis of serum samples provided sero-prevalence estimates for flocks and geographic location. Information on risk factors at the individual and flock level was obtained by examination of individual animal and a questionnaire interview to flock owners. The overall individual animal-level sero-prevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants was 3.5 % and flock level sero-prevalence was 28.3 %, and the within-flock sero-prevalence was ranged from 0 % to 22.2 % based on the Complement Fixation Test. Multivariable logistic regression showed that the major risk factors for flock level sero-positivity were flock size and abortion history. This study showed that small-ruminant brucellosis is prevalent in the study area. Larger flock size and history of previous abortion in the flock were major risk factors identified for sero-positivity of small-ruminant brucellosis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amenu, K., Thys, E., Regassa, A., Marcotty, T., 2010. Brucellosis and Tuberculosis in Arsi-Negele District, Ethiopia: Prevalence in Ruminants and People’s Behavior towards Zoonoses. Tropicultura, 28, 205--210.
Ashagirie, T., Deneke, Y., Tolosa, T., 2011. Seroprevalence of caprine brucellosis and associated risk factors in South Omo Zone of Southern Ethiopia,.African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5, 1682--1476.
Ashenafi, F., Teshale, S., Ejeta, G., Fikru, R., Laikemariam, Y., 2007. Distribution of brucellosis among small ruminants in the Pastoral region of Afar, Eastern Ethiopia. Scientific and Technical Review of World Organization for Animal Health, 26, 731--739.
Asmare, K., Megersa. B., Denbarga, Y., Abebe, G., Taye, Anley., Bekele, J., Bekele, T., Gelaye, E., Zewdu, E., Agonafir, A., Ayelet, G., Skjerve, E., 2013. A study on seroprevalence of caprine brucellosis under three livestock production systems in southern and central Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 45, 555–560.
Bekele, M., Mohammed, H., Tefera, M. Tolosa, T., 2011. Small ruminant brucellosis and community perception in Jijiga District, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 43, 893–898.
Coelho, A.M., Coelho A.C., G´ois J., Pinto., M.L., Rodrigues J., 2007. A case–control study of risk factors for brucellosis seropositivity in Portuguese small ruminants herds. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 82, 291–301
Coelho, A.M., Coelho A.C., G´ois J., Pinto M.L., Rodrigues J., 2008. Multifactorial correspondence analysis of risk factors for sheep and goat brucellosis, seroprevalence. Small Ruminant Research, 78, 181–185
CSA., 2007. Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia (Central Statistical Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia).
CSA., 2011. Central statistics for livestock population in Ethiopia (Central Statistical Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia).
Dohoo, I., Martin, W., Stryhn., H., 2009. Veterinary Epidemiologic Research, 2nd edition. Ed, (AVC inc., Charlottetown, Canada).
Hirsh, C. and Zee, C., 1999. Veterinary Microbiology, (Blackwell science, USA), Pp 196 --200
Kabagambe, E.k., Elze P.H., Geaghan, J.P., Opuda-Asibo, J., Scholl, D.T., Miller, J.E., 2001. Risk factors for brucella seropositivity in goat herds in Easter and Western Uganda. Preventive Medicine, 52, 91--108
Kaoud, HA., Zaki MM., El-Dahshan, AR., Nasr, SA., 2010. Epidemiology of brucellosis, among farm animals. Nature and Science, 8, 190–197.
Mariana, N., Tatiane A., Andréas B., Renée, M. Renato, L., 2010. Pathogenesis of Brucella species.Open Veterinary Science Journal, 4, 109--118.
Megersa, B., Biffa, D., Abunna, F. Regassa, A., Godfroid, J., Skjerve, E., 2011. Seroprevalence of brucellosis and its contribution to abortion in cattle, camel, and goat kept under pastoral management in Borana, Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and production, 43, 651--656.
Mekonnen H., Kalayou S., Kyule, M., 2010. Serological survey of bovine brucellosis in barka and arado breeds (Bosindicus) of WesternTigray, Ethiopia. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 94, 28–35.
OIE, 2009. Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. (Office international des Epizooties, Paris.
Ozgur, C., Ibrahim, A., 2009. Seroepidemiological investigation of brucellosis in sheep abortions in Kars, Turkey. Tropical Animal Health and production, 41, 115–119.
Martin R., Roop A., Jennifer, M., Gaines, A., Anderson, E.,Clayton C, .Caswell A., Daniel, W.Martin, 2009. Survival of the fittest:how Brucella strainsadapt to thei rintracellular niche in the host. Medical Microbiology Immunology, 198, 221–238.
Radostits, O.M., Blood, D.C., Gay, C.C., 2008. Veterinary Medicine, 9th ed., W.B.Saunders Co., Philadelphia, pp. 963–975.
Samadi, A., Ababneh, M.MK., Giadinis, N.D., Lafi, S.Q., 2010. Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis (Brucella melitensis) in Aborted Animals in Jordanian Sheep and Goat Flocks. Veterinary Medicine International, 10, 4061.
Seleem, M.N., Jain, N., Pothayee, N., Ranjan, A., Riffle, J.S., Sriranganathan, N., 2009. Targeting Brucella melitensis with polymeric nanoparticles containing streptomycin and doxycycline. Fems Microbiology letters, 294, 24–31.
Solorio-Rivera, J.L. Segura-Correa, J.C., Sa’nchez-Gil, L.G., 2007. Seroprevalence of and risk factors for brucellosis of goats in herds of Michoacan, Mexico. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 82, 282–290.
Sonawane, GG., Tripathi, S., Dubey, SC., 2011. Sero-incidence of brucellosis in small ruminants of semiarid Rajasthan. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 81, 327–29.
Teshale, S., Muhie, Y., Dagne, A., Kidanemariam, A., 2006. Seroprevalence of small ruminant brucellosis in selected districts of Afar and Somalia postural areas of Eastern Ethiopia and the impact of husbandry practice. Revue de Medicine Veterinaire, 157, 557–563.
Thrusfield M., 2008. Veterinary Epidemiology, (Black well Science Ltd, London), Pp. 46--65 and 228--242
Zinsstag, J., Schelling, E., Roth, F., Bonfoh, B., Savigny, D. and Tanner, M., 2007. Human benefits of animal interventions for zoonoses control. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13, 527–531.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Sebeta National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center and Alamata Agricultural Research Center for allowing us to use their resources in order to conduct this study. We also appreciate Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine for financially supporting this research.
Conflict of interests
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Teklue, T., Tolosa, T., Tuli, G. et al. Sero-prevalence and risk factors study of brucellosis in small ruminants in Southern Zone of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod 45, 1809–1815 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0439-7
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0439-7