Abstract
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of dried ginger meal (DGM) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum parameters, gut morphology, and microflora of growing helmeted guinea fowl (Numidia meleagris). One hundred sixty 28-day-old male keets were assigned to four dietary treatments. There were 40 birds per treatment replicated four times with 10 keets each. The experimental diets consisted of the basal diet (control), ginger-supplemented diets containing 20, 40, and 60 g/kg DGM, respectively. Guinea fowls fed diet supplemented with DGM had higher (P <0.05) final body weight, body weight gain and lower (P <0.05) feed intake. Optimum weight gain was obtained with supplementation level of 36.15-g DGM (R 2 = 0.923). Guinea fowls fed diet supplemented with 40 g/kg DGM recorded the highest (P <0.05) coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter, ether extract and longest (P <0.05) duodenal and ileal villus heights. The crypt depth of the duodenum and ileum reduced (P <0.05) with increasing level of dietary supplementation of DGM. Dietary supplementation of DGM resulted in increased (P <0.05) total serum protein, serum albumin and low (P <0.05) serum cholesterol concentration. Ileum content of birds fed diet supplemented with 40 g/kg DGM recorded the highest (P <0.05) lactobacillus count. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 40-g DGM per kilogram diet is hereby recommended for improved growth, apparent nutrient digestibility, gut morphology, serum chemistry, and stimulation of balanced intestinal microflora in growing guinea fowl.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al-Homidan, A. A., 2005. Efficacy of using different sources and levels of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale on broiler chicks performance. Saudi Arabia Journal of Biological Sciences, 12, 96–102.
AOAC., 2002. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 17th edition, Washington DC.
Arvouet-Grand, A., Vennat, B., Pourrat, A. and Legret, P., 1994. Standardization of a propolis extract and identification of the main constituents. Journal de Pharmacie de Belgique, 49, 462–468.
Badreldin, H., Ali, A., Gerald Blunden, B., Musbah, O., Tanira, A. and Abderrahim Nemmar, C., 2008. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research, Food and Chemical Toxicology 46, 409–420
Banerjee, S., Mullick, I. and Banerjee, J., 2011. Zingiber officinale: ‘a natural gold’, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio-Sciences 2, 283–294
Best, P., 2000. Health boosters from botany, Feed International, 6, 15–16
Bousnes, R. and Taussky, H. H., 1945. Colorimetric determination of creatinine by Jaffe Reaction. Journal of Biochemistry, 158, 581–591.
Caspary, W. F., 1992. Physiology and pathophysiology of intestinal absorption, Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 55, 299S–308S.
Duncan, D.B., 1955. Multiple range and F test, Biometrics 11, 1 – 42.
Edeoga, H.O., Okwu, D.E. and Mbaebie, B.O., 2005. Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants, African Journal of Biotechnology, 4, 685–688.
El-Deek, A. A., Attia, Y. A., Maysa, M. and Hannfy, M., 2002. Effect of anise (Pimpinella anisum), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and their mixture on performance of broilers, Archivos de Geflügelkunde, 67, 92–96.
Farinu, G. O., Ademola, S. G., Ajayi Obe, A. O. and Babatunde, G.M., 2004. Growth, haematological and biochemical studies on garlic and ginger-fed broiler chickens, Moor Journal of Agricultural Research, 5,122–128.
Hassimotto N., Genovese M. and Lajolo, F., 2005. Antioxidant activity of dietary fruits, vegetables, and commercial frozen fruit pulps. Journal of Agriculture, Food and Chemistry, 53, 2928–2935.
Hoff, J.E. and Singleton, K. E., 1977. A method for the determination of tannin in food. Journal of Food Science, 42, 6–7.
Incharoen, T., Yamauchi, K. and Thongwittaya, N., 2010. Intestinal villus histological alterations in broilers fed dietary dried fermented ginger. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 94, 130–137.
Jamroz, D., Wertelecki, T., Houszka, M. and Kamel, C., 2006. Influence of diet type on the inclusion of plant origin active substances on morphological and histochemical characteristics of the stomach and jejunum walls in chicken, Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 90, 2555–2568.
Jamroz, D.,Orda, J., Kamel, C., Wiliczkiewicz, A., Wertelecki, T. and Skorupinska, J., 2003. The influence of phytogenic extract on performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and gut microbial status in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Feed Science, 12, 583–596.
Mandal, A.B.., Pathak, N.N. and Singh, H., 1999. Energy and protein requirements of guinea keets (Numidia meleagris) as meat birds in a hot climate. Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture, 79, 523–531.
Naveena, B. M., Mendiratta, S. K. and Anjaneyulu, A. S. R., 2004. Tenderization of buffalo meat using plant proteases from Cucumis trigonus Roxb (Kachri) and Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger rhizome), Meat Science 68, 363–369.
Okwu, D.E. and Omodamiro, D.O., 2005. Effect of hexane extract and phytochemical content of Xylopia aethiopica and Ocimum gratissimum on uterus of guinea pig, Bio-Resource 3, 40–44.
Ortiz, L., Alzertac, T., Trevino, J. and Castano, M., 1994. Effect of faba bean tannin on the growth and histological structure of the internal tract and liver of chicks and rats, Poultry Science, 35, 743 – 754.
Patterson, J. A. and Burkholder, K. M., 2003. Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production, Poultry Science, 82, 627–631.
Platel, K. and Srinivasan, K., 2000. Influence of dietary spices and their active principles on pancreatic digestive enzymes in albino rats, Nahrung, 44, 42–46.
SAS Institute, 1994. SAS USER’S guide: statistics. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC (Version 6.12)
Schalm O.W., Jain N.C. and Caroll, E.J., 1975. Veterinary Haematology. 3rd edition. Lea and Febiger, Philedelphia, U.S.A. p. 807.
Solis De Los Santos, F., Donoghue, A. M., Farnell, M. B., Huff, G. R., Huff, W. E. and Donoghue, D. J., 2007. Gastrointestinal maturation is accelerated in turkey poults Supplemented with a mannan—oligosaccharide yeast extract, Poultry Science, 86, 921–930.
Tanabe, M., Chen, Y.D., Saito, K. and Kano, Y., 1993. Cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitory component from Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin (Tokyo) 41, 710–713.
Wootton T. D., 1964. Micro analysis in medical biochemistry, 4th edition. Churchill Ltd, London pp 409.
Wright, L., Mphangwe, N., Nyirenda, H. and Apostolides, Z., 2000. Analysis of caffeine and flavan −3 ol composition in the fresh leaf of Camellia sinesis for predicting the quality of the black tea produced in central and southern Africa, Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture, 80, 1823–1830.
Xia, M. S., Hu, C. H. and Xu, Z. R.., 2004. Effect of copper-bearing montmorillonite on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and intestinal microflora and morphology of male broiler, Poultry Science, 83, 1868–1875.
Xu, Z. R., Hu, C.H., Xia, M.S., Zhan, X.A. and Wang, M.Q., 2003. Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities, intestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers, Poultry Science, 82, 1030–1036.
Varley, H., Owen, A.H.G. and Bell, M., 1980. Practical clinical biochemistry. (William and Helnemann Medical Books Ltd., London, UK).
Yasar, S., Forbes, J. M., 1999. Performance and gastrointestinal response of broiler chicks fed on cereal gain-based foods soaked in water. British Poultry Science 40, 65–76.
Zhang, G. F., Yang, Z. B., Wang, Y., Yang, W. R., Jiang, S. Z. and Gai, G. S., 2009. Effects of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) processed to different particle sizes on growth performance, antioxidant status, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens, Journal of Poultry Science 88, 2159–2166.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oso, A.O., Awe, A.W., Awosoga, F.G. et al. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum metabolites, gut morphology, and microflora of growing guinea fowl. Trop Anim Health Prod 45, 1763–1769 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0430-3
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0430-3