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Practice on improving fattening local cattle production in Vietnam by increasing crude protein level in concentrate and concentrate level

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Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of crude protein (CP) level in concentrate (experiment 1) and concentrate level (experiment 2) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) retention, ruminal pH and NH3-N concentration and average daily gain (ADG) of Vietnamese local fattening cattle. Animals (24 cattle, initial live weight (LW) 150.3 ± 11.8 kg in experiment 1 and 145.1 ± 9.8 kg in experiment 2) were allotted based on LW to one of four treatments in a randomised complete block design. In experiment 1, concentrate with four levels of CP (10, 13, 16 and 19 %) was fed at 1.5 % of LW. In experiment 2, concentrate was fed at 1.0, 1.4, 1.8 and 2.2 % of LW. In both experiments, roughage was 5 kg/day native grass and ad libitum rice straw (fresh basis). Results showed that the CP level in concentrate significantly affected dry matter (DM) intake (P < 0.05), N retention, ADG and ruminal NH3-N concentration (P < 0.01), but it had no significant effect on DM, organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility (P > 0.05), whereas CP digestibility increased (P < 0.001) along with the CP level. DM intake, N retention and ADG increased (P < 0.001) linearly with concentrate intake. DM and CP digestibility were not significantly affected by concentrate intake (P > 0.05). OM digestibility and NH3-N concentration increased linearly (P < 0.05), whereas NDF digestibility and ruminal pH declined linearly with increased concentrate consumption (P < 0.01). These results indicate that 16 % CP in concentrate and feeding concentrate at the rate of 2.2 % of LW are recommendable for fattening local cattle in Vietnam.

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Abbreviations

ADG:

Average daily gain

CP:

Crude protein

DM:

Dry matter

GE:

Gross energy

LW:

Live weight

N:

Nitrogen

NDF:

Neutral detergent fibre

NH3-N:

Ammonia nitrogen

OM:

Organic matter

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Norwegian Program for Development Research and Education project (NUFU) for financially supporting this research.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China

    Dinh Van Dung & Wen Yao

  2. Faculty of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue City, Vietnam

    Nguyen Xuan Ba, Nguyen Huu Van, Le Dinh Phung & Le Duc Ngoan

  3. National Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Vu Chi Cuong

Authors
  1. Dinh Van Dung
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  2. Nguyen Xuan Ba
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  3. Nguyen Huu Van
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  4. Le Dinh Phung
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  5. Le Duc Ngoan
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  6. Vu Chi Cuong
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  7. Wen Yao
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Correspondence to Wen Yao.

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Van Dung, D., Ba, N.X., Van, N.H. et al. Practice on improving fattening local cattle production in Vietnam by increasing crude protein level in concentrate and concentrate level. Trop Anim Health Prod 45, 1619–1626 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0407-2

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