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Effect of pH on the Tribological Behavior of Eu-Doped WO3 Nanoparticle in Water-Based Fluid

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Abstract

Eu-doped WO3 (WO3:Eu3+) nanoparticles were prepared by Pechini method under different pH values (pH 1, 3, 5, and 7). The prepared nano-powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results showed that the average external diameter of the prepared nano-WO3:Eu3+ powders is the smallest and reaches 50 nm at pH 5. Structural transformation matrix contained different crystals of anorthic and orthorhombic structures. Eu3+ ions are located at the center of the non-inversion symmetry of WO3:Eu3+. The tribological properties of the WO3:Eu3+ as extreme pressure and wear resistance agents in water-based lubricant were investigated by a four-ball machine. The results showed that WO3:Eu3+ displays excellent load-carrying capacity, wear resistance, and friction-reducing properties in water-based lubricant, particularly in the best concentration of WO3:Eu3+ was 0.6 wt%. WSD was reduced from 0.62 to 0.35 mm and COF was decreased from 0.083 to 0.055. This was due to the formation of tribofilms with a few tens of nanometers thick, which prevented no actual metal-to-metal contact.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51804166), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20181026). Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M661461), and Opening Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology Foundation (No. ASMA201907 and ASMA201805). They also thank all individuals associated with this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, Jiang Su, People’s Republic of China

    Sang Xiong & Fanxin Kong

  2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology, Nanjing, 211167, Jiang Su, People’s Republic of China

    Sang Xiong & Fanxin Kong

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200000, People’s Republic of China

    Sang Xiong

  4. College of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, Jiang Su, People’s Republic of China

    Dong Liang

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  1. Sang Xiong
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  2. Dong Liang
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Correspondence to Sang Xiong or Dong Liang.

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Xiong, S., Liang, D. & Kong, F. Effect of pH on the Tribological Behavior of Eu-Doped WO3 Nanoparticle in Water-Based Fluid. Tribol Lett 68, 126 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-020-01366-x

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