Abstract
The self-lubricating composites Ni3Al–BaF2–CaF2–Ag–Cr, which have varying fluoride contents, were fabricated by the powder metallurgy technique. The effect of fluoride content on the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites was investigated. The results showed that an optimal fluoride content and a balance between lubricity and mechanical strength were obtained. The Ni3Al–6.2BaF2–3.8CaF2–12.5Ag–10Cr composite showed the best friction coefficients (0.29–0.38) and wear rates (4.2 × 10−5–2.19 × 10−4 mm3 N−1 m−1) at a wide temperature range (room temperature to 800°C). Fluorides exhibited a good reduced friction performance at 400 and 600°C. However, at 800°C, the formation of BaCrO4 on the worn surface due to the tribo-chemical reaction at high temperatures provided an excellent lubricating property.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Spikes, H.: Tribology research in the twenty-first century. Tribol. Int. 34, 789–799 (2001)
Lu, J.J., Xue, Q.J., Wang, J.B., Ouyang, J.L.: The effect of CeF3 on the mechanical and tribological properties of Ni-based alloy. Tribol. Int. 9, 659–662 (1997)
Li, J.L., Xiong, D.S.: Tribological properties of nickel-based self lubricating composite at elevated temperature and counterface material selection. Wear 265, 533–539 (2008)
Zhao, X.Y., Hamilton, M., Sawyer, W.G., Perry, S.S.: Thermally activated friction. Tribol. Lett. 27, 113–117 (2007)
Bares, J.A., Argibay, N., Dickrell, P.L., Bourne, G.R., Burris, D.L., Ziegert, J.C., Sawyer, W.G.: In situ graphite lubrication of metallic sliding electrical contacts. Wear 267, 1462–1469 (2009)
Dudder, G.J., Zhao, X.Y., Krick, B., Sawyer, W.G., Perry, S.S.: Environmental effects on the tribology and microstructure of MoS2–Sb2O3–C films. Tribol. Lett. 42, 203–213 (2011)
Sliney, H.E.: Solid lubricant materials for high temperatures—a review. Tribol. Int. 5, 303–315 (1982)
DellaCorte, C., Sliney, H.E.: Tribological properties of PM212-a high-temperature, self-lubricating, powder-metallurgy composite. Lubr. Eng. 47, 298–303 (1991)
DellaCorte, C., Sliney, H.E.: Tribological and mechanical comparison of sintered and HIPped PM212: high temperature self-lubricating composites. Lubr. Eng. 48, 877–885 (1992)
DellaCorte, C., Fellenstein, J.A.: The effect of compositional tailoring on the thermal expansion and tribological properties of PS300: a solid lubricant composite coating. Tribol. Trans. 40, 639–642 (1997)
Blanchet, T.A., Kim, J.H., Calabrese, S.J., DellaCorte, C.: Thrust-washer evaluation of self-lubricating PS304 composite coatings in high temperature sliding contact. Tribol. Trans. 45, 491–498 (2002)
Wang, W.C.: Application of a high temperature self-lubricating composite coating on steam turbine components. Surf. Coat. Technol. 177–178, 12–17 (2004)
Ding, C.H., Li, P.L., Ran, G., Tian, Y.W., Zhou, J.N.: Tribological property of self-lubricating PM304 composite. Wear 262, 575–581 (2007)
Ding, C.H., Yang, Z.M., Zhang, H.T., Guo, Y.F., Zhou, J.N.: Microstructure and tensile strength of PM304 composite. Composites A 38, 348–352 (2007)
Jin, Y., Kato, K., Umehara, N.: Tribological properties of self-lubricating CMC/Al2O3 pairs at high temperature in air. Tribol. Lett. 4, 243–250 (1998)
Jin, Y., Kato, K., Umehara, N.: Effects of sintering aids and solid lubricants on tribological behaviours of CMC/Al2O3 pair at 650 °C. Tribol. Lett. 6, 15–21 (1999)
Ouyang, J.H., Sasaki, S., Murakami, T., Umeda, K.: The synergistic effects of CaF2 and Au lubricants on tribological properties of spark-plasma-sintered ZrO2(Y2O3) matrix composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 386, 234–243 (2004)
Ouyang, J.H., Sasaki, S., Murakami, T., Umeda, K.: Tribological properties of spark-plasma-sintered ZrO2(Y2O3)–CaF2–Ag composites at elevated temperatures. Wear 258, 1444–1454 (2005)
Zhu, S.Y., Bi, Q.L., Yang, J., Liu, W.M., Xue, Q.J.: Ni3Al matrix high temperature self-lubricating composites. Tribol. Int. 44, 445–453 (2011)
Deadmore, D.L., Sliney, H.E.: Hardness of CaF2 and BaF2 solid lubricants at 25–670 °C. NASA Technical Memorandum 88979. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland (1987)
Ouyang, J.H., Sasaki, S., Umeda, K.: The friction and wear characteristics of low-pressure plasma-sprayed ZrO2–BaCrO4 composite coating at elevated temperatures. Surf. Coat. Technol. 154, 131–139 (2002)
Ouyang, J.H., Sasaki, S., Murakami, T., Umeda, K.: Spark-plasma-sintered ZrO2(Y2O3)-BaCrO4 self-lubricating composites for high temperature tribological applications. Ceram. Int. 31, 543–553 (2005)
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51075383), the Innovation Group Foundation from NSFC (50721062), and the National 973 Project (2007CB607601) for financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhu, S., Bi, Q., Yang, J. et al. Effect of Fluoride Content on Friction and Wear Performance of Ni3Al Matrix High-Temperature Self-Lubricating Composites. Tribol Lett 43, 341–349 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-011-9812-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-011-9812-8