Skip to main content
Log in

Atomic Friction Investigations on Ordered Superstructures

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Tribology Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We review recent friction measurements on ordered superstructures performed by atomic force microscopy. In particular, we consider ultrathin KBr films on NaCl(001) and Cu(001) surfaces, single and bilayer graphene on SiC(0001), and the herringbone reconstruction of Au(111). Atomically resolved friction images of these systems show periodic features spanning across several unit cells. Although the physical mechanisms responsible for the formation of these superstructures are quite different, the experimental results can be interpreted within the same phenomenological framework. A comparison between experiments and modeling shows that, in the cases of KBr films on NaCl(001) and of graphene films, the tip-surface interaction is well described by a potential with the periodicity of the substrate which is modulated or, respectively, superimposed with a potential with the symmetry of the superstructure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bennewitz, R., Meyer, E., Hug H.-J.: Scanning Probe Microscopy. Springer, Berlin (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Szlufarska, I., Chandross, M., Carpick, R.W.: Recent advances in single-asperity nanotribology J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 123001 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Medyanik, S.N., Liu, W.K., Sung, I.H., Carpick, R.W.: Predictions and observations of multiple slip modes in atomic-scale friction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 136106 (2006)

    Article  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Roth, R., Glatzel, T., Steiner, P., Gnecco, E., Baratoff, A., Meyer, E.: Multiple slips in atomic-scale friction: an indicator for the lateral contact damping. Trib. Lett. 39, 63–69 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gnecco, E., Bennewitz, R., Meyer, E.: Abrasive wear on the atomic scale. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 215501 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Livshits, A.I., Shluger, A.L.: Self-lubrication in scanning-force-microscope image formation on ionic surfaces. Phys. Rev. B 56, 12482–12489 (1997)

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Filippov, A.E., Dienwiebel, M., Frenken, J.W.M., Klafter, J., Urbakh, M.: Torque and twist against superlubricity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 046102 (2008)

    Article  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Dienwiebel, M., Verhoeven, G.S., Pradeep, N., Frenken, J.W.M., Heimberg, J.A., Zandbergen, H.W.: Superlubricity of graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 126101 (2004)

    Article  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Müser, M.: Structural lubricity: role of dimension and symmetry. Europhys. Lett. 66,97–103 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Socoliuc, A., Bennewitz, R., Gnecco, E., Meyer, E.: Transition from stick-slip to continuous sliding in atomic friction: entering a new regime of ultra-low friction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 134301 (2004)

    Article  CAS  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gnecco, E., Maier, S., Meyer, E.: Superlubricity of dry nanocontacts. J. Phys. Condens. Matt. 20, 354004 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bammerlin, M., Lüthi, R., Meyer, E., Baratoff, A., Lü, J., Guggisberg, M., Loppacher, C., Gerber, C., Güntherodt, H.-J.: Dynamic SFM with true atomic resolution on alkali halide surfaces. Appl. Phys. A 66, S293–S294 (1998)

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Steiner, P., Roth, R., Gnecco, E., Glatzel, Th., Baratoff, A., Meyer, E.: Modulation of contact resonance frequency accompanying atomic-scale stick-slip in friction microscopy. Nanotechnology 20, 495701 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Socoliuc, A., Gnecco, E., Bennewitz, R., Meyer, E.: Ripple formation induced in localized abrasion. Phys. Rev. B 68, 115416 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Pivetta, M., Patthey, F., Stengel, M., Baldereschi, A., Schneider, W.D.: Local work function Moiré pattern on ultrathin ionic films: NaCl on Ag(100). Phys. Rev. B 72, 115404 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Repp, J., Meyer, G., Rieder, K.H.: Snell’s law for surface electrons: refraction of an electron gas imaged in real space. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 036803 (2004)

    Article  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Riedl, C., Starke, U., Bernhardt, J., Franke, M., Heinz, K.: Structural properties of the graphene-SiC(0001) interface as a key for the preparation of homogeneous large-terrace graphene surfaces. Phys. Rev. B 76, 245406 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mallet, P., Varchon, F., Naud, C., Magaud, L., Berger, C., Veuillen, J.Y.: Electron states of mono- and bilayer graphene on SiC probed by scanning-tunneling microscopy. Phys. Rev. B 76, 041403 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Rutter, G.M., Crain, J.N., Guisinger, N.P., Li, T., First, P.N., Stroscio, J.A.: Scattering and interference in epitaxial graphene. Science 317, 219–222 (2007)

    Article  CAS  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Prandtl, L., Angew, Z.: Mind model of the kinetic theory of solid bodies. Math. Mech. 8, 85–106 (1928)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Tomlinson, G.A.: A molecular theory of friction. Philos. Mag. 7, 905–939 (1929)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Lagadic, I., Clement, R., Kahn, O., Ren, J., Whangbo, M.H.: Atomic-force microscopy study of layered MnPS3 and its intercalation compounds. Chem. Mat. 6, 1940–1945 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kityk, A.V., Musevic, I., Slak, G., Fuith, A., Blinc, R.: Observation of an incommensurately modulated structure in dielectrics by an atomic-force microscope. Europhys. Lett. 36, 373–378 (1996)

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Slough, C.G., McNairy, W.W., Coleman, R.V., Garnaes, J., Prater, C.B., Hansma, P.K.: Atomic force microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy of charge-density waves in 1T-TaSe2 and 1T-TaS2. Phys. Rev. B 42, 9255–9258 (1990)

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Maier, S., Pfeiffer, O., Glatzel, Th., Meyer, E., Filleter, T., Bennewitz, R.: Asymmetry in the reciprocal epitaxy of NaCl and KBr. Phys. Rev. B 75, 195408 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. Baker, J., Lindgard, P.A.: Monte Carlo determination of heteroepitaxial misfit structures. Phys. Rev. B 54, R11137–R11140 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. Maier, S., Gnecco, E., Baratoff, A., Bennewitz, R., Meyer, E.: Atomic-scale friction modulated by a buried interface: combined atomic and friction force microscopy experiments. Phys. Rev. B 78, 045432 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. Filleter, T., Paul, W., Bennewitz, R.: Atomic structure and friction of ultrathin films of KBr on Cu(100). Phys. Rev. B 77, 035430 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Filleter, T., Emtsev, K.V., Seyller, Th., Bennewitz, R.: Local work function measurements of epitaxial graphene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 133117 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wöll, C., Chiang, S., Wilson, R.J., Lippel, P.H.: Determination of atom positions at stacking-fault dislocations on Au(111) by scanning tunneling microscopy. Phys. Rev. B 39, 7988 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. Gosvami, N.N., Filleter, T., Egberts, P., Bennewitz, R.: Microscopic friction studies on metal surfaces. Trib. Lett. 39, 19–24 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Weiss, M., Elmer, F.-J.: Dry friction in the Frenkel-Kontorova-Tomlinson model: static properties. Phys. Rev. B 53, 7539–7549 (1996)

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. Steiner, P., Roth, R., Gnecco, E., Baratoff, A., Maier, S., Glatzel, Th., Meyer, E.: Two-dimensional simulation of superlubricity on NaCl and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Phys. Rev. B 79, 045414 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. Johnson, K.L., Woodhouse, J.: Stick–slip motion in the atomic force microscope. Trib. Lett. 5, 155–160 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Barth, C., Henry, C.R.: Imaging Suzuki precipitates on NaCl: Mg2+(001) by scanning force microscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 096101 (2008)

    Article  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Corso, M., Auwärter, W., Muntwiler, M., Tamai, A., Greber, T., Osterwalder, J.: Boron nitride nanomesh. Science 303, 217–220 (2004)

    Article  CAS  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Park, J.Y., Ogletree, D.F., Salmeron, M., Ribeiro, R.A., Canfield, P.C., Jenks, C.J., Thiel, P.A.: High frictional anisotropy of periodic and aperiodic directions on a quasicrystal surface. Science 309, 1354–1356 (2005)

    Article  CAS  ADS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The Swiss National Science Foundation, the Swiss National Center of Competence in Research on Nanoscale Science, and the European Science Foundation (EUROCORES Programme FANAS) are gratefully acknowledged for financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enrico Gnecco.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Steiner, P., Gnecco, E., Filleter, T. et al. Atomic Friction Investigations on Ordered Superstructures. Tribol Lett 39, 321–327 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-010-9677-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-010-9677-2

Keywords

Navigation