Abstract
Novel transgenic (TG) pigs co-expressing three microbial enzymes, β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase, in their salivary glands were previously generated, which exhibited reduced phosphorus and nitrogen emissions and improved growth performances. In the present study, we attempted to explore the age-related change of the TG enzymic activity, the residual activity of the enzymes in the simulated gastrointestinal tract, and the effect of the transgenes on the digestion of nitrogen and phosphorus content in the fiber-rich, plant-based diets. Results showed that all the three enzymes were stably expressed over the growing and finishing periods in the F2 generation TG pigs. In simulated gastric juice, all the three enzymes exhibited excellent gastrointestinal environment adaptability. The apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus was increased by 69.05% and 499.64%, while fecal phosphate outputs were decreased by 56.66% and 37.32%, in the TG pigs compared with the wild-type littermates fed with low non-starch polysaccharides diets and high fiber diets, respectively. Over half of available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in fecal phosphorus were reduced. We also found the performance of phosphorus, calcium, and nitrogen retention rates were significantly improved, resulting in faster growth performance in TG pigs. The results indicate that TG pigs can effectively digest the high-fiber diets and exhibit good growth performance compared with wild type pigs.
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Funding
This work was supported by grants from the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Province (2019BT02N630) and the National Science and Technology Major Project for Breeding of New Transgenic Organisms (2016ZX08006002).
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Conceptualization, XWZ, and ZFW; Methodology, XWZ, HQY, and GYC; Investigation and data analysis, HQW, and GGH; Writing-original draft preparation, SXY, and TTL; Writing-review and editing, JXM, and XWZ; Supervision, ZFW; Funding acquisition, XWZ, and ZFW. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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The study was conducted in accordance with the Instructive Notions with Respect to Caring for Laboratory Animals, issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, and NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The animal use protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs) of South China Agricultural University on may 25, 2020 (No. 2020-P016).
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Yang, S., Liu, T., Mo, J. et al. Digestion and utilization of plant-based diets by transgenic pigs secreting β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase in their salivary glands. Transgenic Res 32, 109–119 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-023-00339-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-023-00339-9