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Photocatalytic Degradation of High Concentration Aqueous Solutions of Ketoprofen: Adsorption, Reaction Kinetic and Product Studies

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Abstract

The photocatalytic degradation of ketoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, with concentrations up to 80 ppm was studied using TiO2 Evonik-P25 as catalyst, UV radiation and constant flow of oxygen. Ketoprofen adsorption experiments under dark conditions were also carried out with the aim to get information about the interaction between ketoprofen and catalyst surface. Adsorption–desorption equilibrium was reached in 30 min of interaction. According to Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity of the organic molecule on the surface of TiO2 is 0.0672 mMoles KTP g−1 TiO2 and the adsorption constant is 1.771 L mM−1. Experimental results in terms of photocatalytic degradation indicate a complete mineralization of ketoprofen molecule after 6 h of reaction. Experimental results also indicate that the initial reaction rate of the photocatalytic degradation of ketoprofen can be modeled by the Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson reaction rate equation. The kinetic constant and adsorption parameters of the LH–HW equation are 0.14 min−1 and 20.72 mM−1 respectively. Chemical analysis of reaction samples by HPLC, TOC, and UV–vis spectroscopy indicated that ketoprofen is mineralized via formation of hydroxy benzophenone, benzoic acid, hydroquinone, catechol, benzoquinone, benzene triol and phenol in a series–parallel reaction pathway.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by CONACYT [Grants PDCPN-2014-01-248692 and CB-256795-2016] and UASLP [Grant C17-FRC-04-06.06]. Ilse Acosta Mendiola and Karla Lopez de la O thank CONACYT for their graduate studies fellowships [691687 and 822934].

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  1. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava # 6, 78290, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico

    Ilse Acosta, Edgar Moctezuma, Karla López de la O, Elisa Leyva & Brenda Zermeño

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  1. Ilse Acosta
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  2. Edgar Moctezuma
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  3. Karla López de la O
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  4. Elisa Leyva
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Contributions

IA performed experiments and wrote the original draft of this paper. EM conceptualized the research project, designed the reaction kinetic experiments, supervised graduate students and edited the final version of the paper. EL designed the experiments to identify the transformation products and collaborate and revised the final version of the paper. KLO performed experiments and collaborated in the writing of the first draft of this paper. BZ conceptualized the research project, designed the reaction kinetic experiments, supervised graduate students and edited the final version of the paper.

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Correspondence to Brenda Zermeño.

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Acosta, I., Moctezuma, E., López de la O, K. et al. Photocatalytic Degradation of High Concentration Aqueous Solutions of Ketoprofen: Adsorption, Reaction Kinetic and Product Studies. Top Catal 65, 1361–1372 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-022-01653-y

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