Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modelling Both the NH3 Storage on Automotive SCR Catalysts and the Radio-Frequency-Based Response

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Topics in Catalysis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since the ammonia (NH3) based selective catalytic reduction is today’s main DeNOx strategy to meet the emission limits for Diesel cars, research focuses on sensor and control approaches for higher conversion efficiencies and system robustness. One novel approach is the catalyst state monitoring based on radio frequencies (RF). It has proven its functionality to monitor the NH3 loading on SCR catalysts directly in previous studies. This study shows the first attempt to fully describe the whole RF SCR system by simulation. A divided model into the chemical reactions and the RF response is presented and parameterized on experimental test runs. The application of the adjusted model on a test run that was not included in parameter fitting correlates well with the simulated signals and the measured catalyst behavior as well as with the RF response.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Koebel M, Elsener M, Marti T (1996) NOx-reduction in diesel exhaust gas with urea and selective catalytic reduction. Combust Sci Tech 121:85–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209608935588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Forzatti P (2001) Present status and perspectives in de-NOx SCR catalysis. Appl Catal A 222(1–2):221–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-860X(01)00832-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Guan B, Zhan R, Lin H, Huang Z (2014) Review of state of the art technologies of selective catalytic reduction of NOx from diesel engine exhaust. Appl Therm Eng 66(1–2):395–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.02.021

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Koebel M, Elsener M (1998) Selective catalytic reduction of NO over commercial DeNOx-catalysts: experimental determination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Chem Eng Sci 53(4):657–669. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(97)00342-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Yuan X, Liu H, Gao Y (2015) Diesel engine SCR control: current development and future challenges. Emiss Control Sci Technol 1(2):121–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-015-0013-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Opitz B, Bendrich M, Drochner A, Vogel H, Hayes RE, Forbes JF, Votsmeier M (2015) Simulation study of SCR catalysts with individually adjusted ammonia dosing strategies. Chem Eng J 264:936–944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.11.114

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Moos R (2010) Catalysts as sensors—a promising novel approach in automotive exhaust gas aftertreatment. Sensors 10(7):6773–6787. https://doi.org/10.3390/s100706773

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Moos R (2015) Microwave-based catalyst state diagnosis—state of the art and future perspectives. SAE Int J Engines 8(3):1240–1245. https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Chen P, Schönebaum S, Simons T, Rauch D, Dietrich M, Moos R, Simon U (2015) Correlating the integral sensing properties of zeolites with molecular processes by combining broadband impedance and DRIFT spectroscopy—a new approach for bridging the scales. Sensors 15:28915–28941. https://doi.org/10.3390/s151128915

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rauch D, Kubinski D, Cavataio G, Upadhyay D, Moos R (2015) Ammonia loading detection of zeolite SCR catalysts using a radio frequency based method. SAE Int J Engines 8(3):1126–1135. https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-0986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dietrich M, Rauch D, Simon U, Porch A, Moos R (2015) Ammonia storage studies on H-ZSM-5 zeolites by microwave cavity perturbation: correlation of dielectric properties with ammonia storage. J Sens Sens Syst 4(2):263–269. https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-263-2015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Dietrich M, Hagen G, Reitmeier W, Burger K, Hien M, Grass P, Kubinski D, Visser J, Moos R (2017) Radio-frequency-controlled urea dosing for NH3-SCR catalysts: NH3 storage influence to catalyst performance under transient conditions. Sensors 17:2746. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122746

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Rauch D, Dietrich M, Simons T, Simon U, Porch A, Moos R (2017) Microwave cavity perturbation studies on H-form and Cu Ion-exchanged SCR catalyst materials: correlation of ammonia storage and dielectric properties. Top Catal 60:243–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-016-0605-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dietrich M, Steiner C, Hagen G, Moos R (2017) Radio-frequency-based urea dosing control for diesel engines with ammonia SCR catalysts. SAE Int J Engines 10(4):1638–1645. https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0945

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Deutschmann O (2015) Modeling of the interactions between catalytic surfaces and gas-phase. Catal Lett 145(1):272–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-014-1431-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Olsson L, Wijayanti K, Leistner K, Kumar A, Joshi SY, Kamasamudram K, Currier NW, Yezerets A (2015) A multi-site kinetic model for NH3-SCR over Cu/SSZ-13. Appl Catal B 174:212–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.02.037

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang TJ, Baek S, Kwon HJ, Kim YJ, Nam I-S, Cha M-S, Yeo GK (2011) Kinetic parameter estimation of a commercial Fe-Zeolite SCR. Ind Eng Chem Res 50(5):2850–2864. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie101558d

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Toops TJ: The measured and proposed chemistry of the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx, Modegat IV, 14.09.2015, Bad Herrenalb, Germany

  19. Nova I, Colombo M, Tronconi E (2011) Kinetic modeling of dynamic aspects of the standard NH3-SCR reaction over V2O5-WO3/TiO2 and Fe-zeolite commercial catalysts for the aftertreatment of diesel engines exhausts. Oil Gas Sci Technol 66(4):681–691. https://doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2011132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Dietrich M, Hagen G, Moos R (2019) Dielectric properties and temperature dependency of automotive catalyst coatings and substrate materials: experimental results, influences and approximation approach. Func Mater Lett. in press. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793604719500243

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Functional Materials, Bayreuth Engine Research Center (BERC), Zentrum für Energietechnik (ZET), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany

    Markus Dietrich, Gunter Hagen & Ralf Moos

  2. Division Powertrain, Sensors & Actuator, Advanced Development, Continental Automotive GmbH, Siemensstraße 12, 93055, Regensburg, Germany

    Markus Dietrich

Authors
  1. Markus Dietrich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gunter Hagen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ralf Moos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ralf Moos.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dietrich, M., Hagen, G. & Moos, R. Modelling Both the NH3 Storage on Automotive SCR Catalysts and the Radio-Frequency-Based Response. Top Catal 62, 172–178 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-019-01140-x

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-019-01140-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation