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Sonication-Free Exfoliation of Graphite Oxide via Rapid Phase Change of Water

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Abstract

Efficacy of a new approach for the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets that has been recently reported (Ogino et al. in Chem Mater 26:3334–3339, 2014) was investigated further using graphite oxides with various degrees of oxidation and average particle sizes. The approach consists of rapid freeze–thaw cycles of water containing graphite oxide, which enables the efficient exfoliation of graphite oxide layers with the minimal fragmentation of GO sheets. The method is effective for the exfoliation of graphite oxides with C/O atomic ratios ≤2.6 as shown by experiments with various degrees of oxidation of graphite oxides. When this method was tested for large particle-size graphite oxide that had been prepared from graphite with the average particle size of 60 μm, it formed approximately tenfold larger GO sheets than those prepared using sonication. Exfoliation experiments conducted at different freezing rates of water demonstrate that a faster freezing rate of water yielded a higher concentration of a dispersed GO solution. Thus, the results support the hypothesis that rapid phase change enables efficient layer exfoliation.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge Mr. Junichi Nishimura and Mr. Kohei Kitano for their help in the measurements of Raman spectra. This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 24656478 and 60625581.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan

    Isao Ogino, Yuya Yokoyama & Shin R. Mukai

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  1. Isao Ogino
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  2. Yuya Yokoyama
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  3. Shin R. Mukai
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Correspondence to Isao Ogino.

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Ogino, I., Yokoyama, Y. & Mukai, S.R. Sonication-Free Exfoliation of Graphite Oxide via Rapid Phase Change of Water. Top Catal 58, 522–528 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0391-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0391-z

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