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Zirconium(IV) chloride as versatile catalyst for the expeditious synthesis of quinoxalines and pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazines under ambient conditions

Transition Metal Chemistry volume 35, pages 49–53 (2010)Cite this article

Abstract

Among the various transition metal chlorides, zirconium(IV) chloride was found to be an efficient catalyst for the rapid synthesis of a wide range of 2,3-dialkyl- and 2,3-diaryl-quinoxaline and pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine derivatives in excellent yields at room temperature. The remarkable features of this catalytic process are the mild reaction conditions, quantitative yields, short reaction times, high conversions, tolerability of various functional groups, clean reaction profiles, and operational simplicity.

Graphical Abstract

Among the various transition metal chlorides, zirconium(IV) chloride was found to be an efficient catalyst for the rapid synthesis of a wide range of 2,3-dialkyl- and 2,3-diaryl-quinoxaline and pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine derivatives in excellent yields at room temperature. The remarkable features of this catalytic process are the mild reaction conditions, quantitative yields, short reaction times, high conversions, tolerability of various functional groups, clean reaction profiles, and operational simplicity.

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Scheme 1
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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Pajoohesh Blvd., km 17, Karaj Hwy, Tehran, 14968-13151, Iran

    Kioumars Aghapoor, Hossein Reza Darabi, Farshid Mohsenzadeh, Yadollah Balavar & Hesam Daneshyar

Authors
  1. Kioumars Aghapoor
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  2. Hossein Reza Darabi
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  3. Farshid Mohsenzadeh
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  4. Yadollah Balavar
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  5. Hesam Daneshyar
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Correspondence to Hossein Reza Darabi.

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Aghapoor, K., Darabi, H.R., Mohsenzadeh, F. et al. Zirconium(IV) chloride as versatile catalyst for the expeditious synthesis of quinoxalines and pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazines under ambient conditions. Transition Met Chem 35, 49–53 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-009-9294-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-009-9294-9

Keywords

  • CDCl3
  • Polyaniline
  • Pyrazines
  • Quinoxaline
  • Benzil