LRE-TL: an optimal multiprocessor algorithm for sporadic task sets with unconstrained deadlines

Abstract

This article presents a detailed discussion of LRE-TL (Local Remaining Execution-TL-plane), an algorithm that schedules hard real-time periodic and sporadic task sets with unconstrained deadlines on identical multiprocessors. The algorithm builds upon important concepts such as the TL-plane construct used in the development of the LLREF algorithm (Largest Local Remaining Execution First). This article identifies the fundamental TL-plane scheduling principles used in the construction of LLREF . These simple principles are examined, identifying methods of simplifying the algorithm and allowing it to handle a more general task model. For example, we identify the principle that total local utilization can never increase within any TL-plane as long as a minimal number of tasks are executing. This observation leads to a straightforward approach for scheduling task arrivals within a TL-plane. In this manner LRE-TL can schedule sporadic tasks and tasks with unconstrained deadlines. Like LLREF, the LRE-TL scheduling algorithm is optimal for task sets with implicit deadlines. In addition, LRE-TL can schedule task sets with unconstrained deadlines provided they satisfy the density test for multiprocessor systems. While LLREF has a O(n ²) runtime per TL-plane, LRE-TL’s runtime is O(nlog n) per TL-plane.