Abstract
Artemisia alba Turra is an essential oil bearing plant, with Euro-Mediterranean and Southeastern European distribution. One of the distinctive characteristics of its essential oil is the variability of its terpenoid profile due to environmental, genetic and other factors. In the present work, tissue culture experiment has provided a model system of in vitro morphogenesis alteration. Auxin and cytokinin treatments were applied alone or in different combinations, leading to the development of directly rooting and root suppressed in vitro plantlets. Direct in vitro rooting was definitely related to obtaining biomass richest in flavonoid compounds (irrespectively of the PGR combination leading to obtaining this morphotype). The directly rooting morphotype was also distinguished by the highest flavones/flavonoles ratio as compared with the in situ and the rest of the in vitro samples. Underground parts of in vitro samples were shown to be significantly richer in caffeoylquinic acids as compared with aerial parts. An elevation of DCQA/CQA ratios in PGR treated plants as compared with the non-treated control could be estimated as an indication of stimulation of the esterification process with the purpose of coping with the stress of the impairment of the physiological state of normal shoot-to-root tissue formation. It was shown that in vitro morphogenesis moderation could be applied as a simple and reproducible protocol to alter polyphenolics production in tissue cultures of this plant species.
Key message
in vitro culture system of Artemisia alba Turra allowed for its morphogenesis modification. Changes in root system development and callusogenesis were related to targeted alterations of flavones/flavonols ratios and esterification degree of caffeoylquinic acids.
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Datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in Supplementary material. Any additional material is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- BAP:
-
Benzyl adenine
- QA:
-
Quinic acids
- CQA:
-
Caffeoylquinic acid
- 5-O-CQA:
-
5-O- Caffeoylquinic acid
- 3,5-di-O-CQA:
-
3,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid
- DCQA:
-
Dicaffeoylquinic acid
- DW:
-
Dry weight
- FQA:
-
Feruloylquinic acid
- FW:
-
Fresh weight
- G5:
-
Gamborg
- IBA:
-
Indole-3-butyric acid
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog
- PGR:
-
Plant growth regulators
- TCQA:
-
Tricaffeoylquinic acid
- UHPLC-PDA-MS:
-
Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection and mass spectrometry
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Acknowledgements
This research was funded by a grant of National Scientific Fund, Bulgaria, grant КП-06-H39/6.
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This research was supported by the National Scientific Fund, Bulgaria (КП-06-H39-6).
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AT has performed methodology development for phytochemical analyses, software utilization for phytochemical data analysis and review and editing of the manuscript; MT has performed methodology for phytochemical analyses; EW has developed and performed methodology for phytochemical analyses, supervision of analytical work; SP has performed methodology for phytochemical analyses, software processing of data; VI has performed sample preparation for phytochemical analyses; KD has performed conceptualization of the experimental design and manuscript tailoring, tissue culture development, project administration. All co-authors have consented to publish our experimental results in the Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture Journal and have read and approved the manuscript.
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Trendafilova, A., Todorova, M., Wolfram, E. et al. Unfolding phenolics biosynthetic plasticity of Artemisia alba Turra through plant tissue culture techniques. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 157, 29 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02756-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02756-y