Abstract
The WHO has recommended a combined schedule of vaccination including the oral (OPV) and the inactivated injectable vaccine. Each of these vaccines has advantages and limitations. Attenuated viruses in the OPV can revert into pathogenic forms, whereas the IPV generates limited intestinal mucosal immunity and its high cost restricts its application in developing countries. Besides, the cold chain required to maintain its stability also limits vaccine supply and transportation. Plant-based subunit vaccines are potential alternatives to circumvent such limitations. In the present study, carrot cell lines expressing VP1 and VP2 proteins were successfully generated. Mice were subcutaneously immunized and orally or subcutaneously boosted. Increased levels of both specific IgG and S-IgA were detected only in the feces of mice orally boosted. The cell lines obtained are safe, cheap, cold chain/poliovirus-free and a promising alternative to induce and maintain mucosal immunity favoring polio eradication.
Key message
Polio, oral vaccine, Carrot cells, Bioencapsulated antigen, Polio viral protein 1 (VP1), Polio viral protein 2 (VP2)
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr. Marisela Hernández and Dr. Jacquelynne Cervantes-Torres for provision of reagents and materials. Bolaños-Martínez OC as a doctoral student from Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, received a fellowship (CVU490394) from CONACYT, México. Govea-Alonso DO was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from DGAPA-UNAM. Sergio Rosales-Mendoza was supported by CONACYT (grant 848290). This study was also supported by the institutional program “Programa de Investigación para el Desarrollo y la Optimización de Vacunas, Inmunomoduladores y Métodos Diagnósticos del IIB” (PROVACADI).
Funding
Current investigations from the group are supported by CONACYT/México (grant CB-256063 to S R-M). This study was also supported by the institutional program “Programa de Investigación para el Desarrollo y la Optimización de Vacunas, Inmunomoduladores y Métodos Diagnósticos del IIB” (PROVACADI).
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Omayra C. Bolaños-Martínez: Investigation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft. Dania O. Govea-Alonso: Investigation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing-original draft. Gladis Fragoso-González: Writing-review & editing. Edda Sciutto-Conde: Writing-review & editing, Conceptualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Sergio Rosales-Mendoza: Writing–review & editing, Conceptualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition. All authors discussed the results, read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Bolaños-Martínez, O.C., Govea-Alonso, D.O., Fragoso, G. et al. Carrot cells expressing the VP1 and VP2 poliovirus proteins effectively elicited mucosal immunity. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 148, 545–556 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-021-02205-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-021-02205-0