Abstract
In this study, we focused on describing and characterizing the somatic embryogenesis (SE) process of Guadua chacoensis through morphohistological and biochemical analysis. For that, G. chacoensis in vitro shoots was used as explant in the induction experiments and we evaluated different Picloram concentrations (0–700 μM), explant pretreatments (constant dark/etiolation or light photoperiod), and explant position (basal, middle, and top region of the shoot). The use of 400 μM of Picloram and the basal region showed the best response for callus induction in dark- (87.5%) and light-pretreated explants (55%). During callus multiplication, we could identify the formation of embryogenic cultures (EC) and non-embryogenic cultures (NEC), which were morphologically characterized as compact and nodular, and friable and soft, respectively. As expected, only the EC were able to maturate when transferred to a Picloram-free culture medium. Biochemical characterization revealed a higher content of spermidine, arginine, methionine, maltose, and mannose in EC, highlighting their involvement with embryogenic competence in this species. In addition, we present a detailed description of the morphohistological events from callus formation until embryo maturation. Taking together, our study firstly reports a SE protocol for G. chacoensis and represents important progress for bamboo SE investigation. Our results shed light on the possibility of the SE application in bamboo species for mass propagation and in vitro conservation.
Key message
Induction of SE in Guadua chacoensis was strongly promoted by using etiolated explants from the basal region of shoots and Picloram, and their embryogenic competence was related to higher endogenous content of several polyamines, amino acids, and carbohydrates.
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Acknowledgements
LGP is grateful to Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Estado de Santa Catarina (FAPESC) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the doctoral scholarship. The authors also thanks to Central Laboratory of Electron Microscopy (LCME) of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Funding
This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 302798/2018-8, and CNPq 407974/2018-0).
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LGP performed all experiments and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. LGP, HPFF, and MPG designed the experiments. LGP and DG performed in vitro experiments. LGP, DG, and FB performed biochemical characterization. LGP and EMO performed the electron microscopy analysis. LGP, HPFF, MPG, and NS contributed to data analysis. MPG and HPFF supervised this study. All authors revised the manuscript and approved the submission.
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Giacomolli Polesi, L., Pacheco de Freitas Fraga, H., Goeten, D. et al. Morphohistological and biochemical features of the Guadua chacoensis (Bambusoideae; Poaceae) somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 148, 479–499 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-021-02199-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-021-02199-9