Abstract
Some plant species colonize mining-contaminated soils. They are adapted to harsh growth conditions and show high native phytoremediation abilities. For environmental cleanup, these species can be improved by genetic manipulation. Laccases are ligninolytic enzymes that oxidise a broad range of substrates by a radical-catalysed reaction mechanism using oxygen as the electron acceptor. Fungi of the genus Pycnoporus produce laccases with important biotechnological, industrial and environmental applications. Here we describe a successful attempt of Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated stable transformation of Nicotiana glauca, a species naturally resistant to metal-contaminated soils. The coding region of a Pycnoporus sanguineus laccase gene was fused with the Nicotiana plumbaginifolia calreticulin apoplast targeting signal and driven by the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (2X35S). The obtained transgenic N. glauca callus cells secreted a recombinant fungal laccase into the growth medium and were capable to degrade an anthraquinone dye, Remazol Brilliant Blue R. Under phenol and cadmium stresses, the transgenic calli not only maintained their growth capacity but their relative growth rate was greater compared to callus transformed with empty vector. This work shows that stable expression of a fungal laccase in a plant species resistant to heavy metals presents a successful strategy that potentially can be used to combat combined organic and inorganic contamination.
Key message
A fungal laccase was heterologously expressed in a heavy metal-tolerant plant species. The transgenic callus was capable of growth in medium supplemented with organic and inorganic contaminants.
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Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge D. Lagunas-Gómez, H.H. Torres-Martínez and S. Napsucialy-Mendivil from the Instituto de Biotecnología (IBt) of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) for technical assistance. We also acknowledge the technical help of the staff of the Core Facility of Oligonucleotide Synthesis and DNA Sequencing of the IBt, UNAM. R. De-Jesús-García was supported by a Ph.D. fellowship from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT). We extend special thanks to R. Vázquez-Duhalt for his participation in coordination of the Ph.D. project of R. De-Jesús-García. This work was partially supported by Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico (DGAPA)—Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (PAPIIT)—UNAM (grants IN205315 and IN200818).
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RDJG and JGD designed the research. JGD and JLFM provided resources and conceptualised the research. RDJG performed all the experiments, RDJG and JGD analised the data. RDJG drafted and together with JGD wrote the final version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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De-Jesús-García, R., Folch-Mallol, J.L. & Dubrovsky, J.G. Transgenic callus of Nicotiana glauca stably expressing a fungal laccase maintains its growth in presence of organic contaminants. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 138, 311–324 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01626-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01626-2