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Establishment of callus and cell suspensions of wild and domesticated Opuntia species: study on their potential as a source of metabolite production

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Abstract

Opuntia streptacantha and Opuntia megacantha are considered wild species, while Opuntia ficus-indica is deemed a domesticated species. Opuntia species have relevant nutritional and medicinal properties, related to their high levels of phenolics compounds. The objective of this study was to establish callus and cell suspensions of O. streptacantha (cv. Tuna loca), O. megacantha (cv. Rubi reina), and O. ficus-indica (cv. Rojo vigor), and to compare their potential as a source of metabolite production in vitro. Opuntia seeds were physically and chemically scarified obtaining 70–100 % germination. Fast-growing callus and cell suspensions were generated on Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.5, 1.0 mg L−1), and BAP (1.5, 2.0 mg L−1) applied alone or in combination. In general, media containing both, 2,4-D and BAP were more efficient in inducing callus formation than 2,4-D or BAP alone. The content of phenolic acids and flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were all similar in callus and suspensions; however, growth rate was higher in cell suspensions in all species. Production of phenolic acids was correlated to the antioxidant activity, with these parameters being higher in O. streptacantha, the wild species. The concentration of metabolites in callus and cellular suspensions was about three times higher compared with cladodes, indicating that the use of in vitro cultures of Opuntia species is a viable alternative for the production of antioxidants under controlled conditions.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank CONACYT for the fellowship granted to M. Robles Martínez (No. 290733) and for the financial support from the “Biopuntia” Bilateral Mexico-France Project, Grant No. 142873. We are also grateful to Dr. Clemente Gallegos for the Opuntia seeds donated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UASLP, San Luis Potosí México, Manuel Nava 6, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Marissa Robles-Martínez & María del Socorro Santos-Díaz

  2. Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José, No. 2055, Lomas 4ª sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Ana Paulina Barba-de la Rosa

  3. INRA UMR 1331, TOXALIM, Toulouse, France

    Francoise Guéraud

  4. INSERM UMR 1048, Toulouse, France

    Anne Negre-Salvayre

  5. CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France

    Michel Rossignol

Authors
  1. Marissa Robles-Martínez
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  2. Ana Paulina Barba-de la Rosa
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  3. Francoise Guéraud
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  4. Anne Negre-Salvayre
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  5. Michel Rossignol
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  6. María del Socorro Santos-Díaz
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Correspondence to María del Socorro Santos-Díaz.

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Robles-Martínez, M., Barba-de la Rosa, A.P., Guéraud, F. et al. Establishment of callus and cell suspensions of wild and domesticated Opuntia species: study on their potential as a source of metabolite production. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 124, 181–189 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0886-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0886-0

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