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Metabolic alterations of Verbascum nigrum L. plants and SAArT transformed roots as revealed by NMR-based metabolomics

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Abstract

Verbascum nigrum L. (dark mullein) is known to be a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites, including high value iridoid and phenylethanoid glycosides, hence the development of alternative approaches for their sustainable supply is highly relevant. Here we report the induction of a transformed root culture of V. nigrum by applying sonication assisted Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation. Further, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics approach has been successfully applied to study metabolic differences of the V. nigrum mother plant and related transformed roots. 1H NMR fingerprinting in combination with 2D NMR and multivariate data analysis revealed that the most abundant molecule in the hairy root culture is glutamine, which is not found in the mother plant tissue. These findings provide important insights on the metabolic alterations as a result of the transformation of the host plant genome and development of so-called hairy roots.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by a grant from NSF of Bulgaria and DAAD Germany (Contract Number DNTS/Germany 01/8).

Author contribution

MIG and JLM designed the experiment. MN, AM and KA performed the experiments. AR, KA and MIG analyzed the data and performed multivariate data analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Applied Biotechnologies, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

    Milen I. Georgiev & Andrey Marchev

  2. Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Anna Radziszewska, Madeleine Neumann & Jutta Ludwig-Müller

  3. Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Kalina Alipieva

Authors
  1. Milen I. Georgiev
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  2. Anna Radziszewska
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  3. Madeleine Neumann
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  4. Andrey Marchev
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  5. Kalina Alipieva
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  6. Jutta Ludwig-Müller
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Correspondence to Milen I. Georgiev.

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Georgiev, M.I., Radziszewska, A., Neumann, M. et al. Metabolic alterations of Verbascum nigrum L. plants and SAArT transformed roots as revealed by NMR-based metabolomics. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 123, 349–356 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0840-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0840-1

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