Abstract
The effects of three periods of exposure (12, 24 and 48 h) to different levels of putrescine (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg l−1), as well as three incubation periods (24, 48 and 72 h) to different levels of cefotaxime and vancomycin (0, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg l−1) on microspore embryogenesis of rapeseed cv. ‘Hyola 401’ were assessed. Microspore embryogenesis was enhanced about threefold compared with untreated culture following 48 h treatment with 0.2 mg l−1 putrescine. Putrescine treatment at 0.5 mg l−1 for 48 h effectively induced root formation and increased normal plantlet regeneration by 92 % when microspore-derived embryos (MDEs) were transferred to regeneration medium. The highest embryo yield (184.2 embryos Petri dish−1) was possible when induction medium was supplemented with 50 mg l−1 cefotaxime for 24 h and the highest normal regeneration was observed in cultures exposed to 50 and 100 mg l−1 at all durations tested. More abnormal MDEs (76 and 82 %) were observed when microspores treated with 200 and 500 mg l−1 cefotaxime many of which failed to regenerate normally and resulted in callusing. Vancomycin at 100 mg l−1 during the 48 h exposure increased the number of MDEs (181.6 embryos Petri dish−1) in contrast to untreated cultures (93.6 embryos Petri dish−1) but, normal plantlet regeneration decreased as vancomycin level increased and high callusing (84 and 90 %) was observed with 200 and 500 mg l−1 for 72 h. Microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration could be improved by putrescine, cefotaxime and vancomycin when appropriate levels and durations of incubation were selected.
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Abbreviations
- ADC :
-
Arginine decarboxylase
- DH:
-
Doubled haploid
- ELS:
-
Embryo-like structure
- GA3 :
-
Gibberellic acid
- MDE:
-
Microspore-derived embryo
- ODC :
-
Ornithine decarboxylase
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This research was supported by grants from Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII) Project No. 1-05-05-8601.
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Ahmadi, B., Shariatpanahi, M.E., Ojaghkandi, M.A. et al. Improved microspore embryogenesis induction and plantlet regeneration using putrescine, cefotaxime and vancomycin in Brassica napus L.. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 118, 497–505 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0501-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0501-9