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Shoot and root proliferation in ‘Williams’ banana: are the topolins better cytokinins?

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Abstract

The effects of five topolins (meta-Topolin = mT; meta-Topolin riboside = mTR; meta-Methoxy topolin = MemT; meta-Methoxy topolin riboside = MemTR and meta-Methoxy topolin 9-tetrahydropyran-2-yl = MemTTHP) on shoot and root regeneration of micropropagated ‘Williams’ bananas were compared to benzyladenine (BA). Sterile shoot-tip explants were cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 10, 20 or 30 μM of the above cytokinins (CKs) for 42 days. Using shoot regenerated from optimum CK concentration, rooting experiments involving the use of indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid, smoke–water (SW) and karrikinolide (KAR1) were conducted. Apart from 10 μM BA and 30 μM MemTTHP treatments, the number of shoots produced in all the CK treatments were significantly higher than the control. In addition, 30 μM mT resulted in the highest number of shoots (7.3 ± 1.0). Unlike other CK treatments requiring higher concentrations, optimum mean shoot number per explant rate was attained at the lowest concentration in MemT and MemTTHP (10 μM) treatments. The use of 10 μM MemTTHP had the least root inhibitory effect during the shoot proliferation phase. In terms of abnormality index, mTR-regenerated plantlets were of the best quality across all the CKs tested. In mT- and BA-derived shoots, SW and KAR1 significantly increased the number and length of roots compared to the control. Overall, when compared to BA, the use of topolin demonstrated higher mean shoot number per explant (MemT and MemTTHP) at lowest CK concentrations and the ease of rooting during the shoot proliferation phase (MemTTHP). During the rooting phase, topolin treatments produced more off-shoots than BA-treated ones. The current finding is a further demonstration of the increasing importance of topolins in micropropagation.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

BA:

N6-benzyladenine

CK:

Cytokinin

DMRT:

Duncan’s multiple range test

DW:

Dry weight

FW:

Fresh weight

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

KAR1 :

Karrikinolide

MemT:

meta-Methoxy topolin

MemTR:

meta-Methoxy topolin riboside

MemTTHP:

meta-Methoxy topolin 9-tetrahydropyran-2-ylpurine

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium

mT:

meta-Topolin

mTR:

meta-Topolin riboside

NAA:

α-Naphthalene acetic acid

PGR:

Plant growth regulator

PPF:

Photosynthetic photon flux

PTC:

Plant tissue culture

SW:

Smoke–water

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Acknowledgments

The University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa provided financial support. This work was also supported by the Czech Ministry of Education, grant No. ED0007/01/01 Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research and by The Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic (NAZV QI92A247). We sincerely appreciate the help of Mrs Alison Young (UKZN, Botanical Garden, Pietermaritzburg) and her staff during the greenhouse stage of the current experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa

    Adeyemi O. Aremu, Michael W. Bairu, Jeffrey F. Finnie & Johannes Van Staden

  2. Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Lucie Szüčová & Karel Doležal

  3. Faculty of Science, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Lucie Szüčová & Karel Doležal

Authors
  1. Adeyemi O. Aremu
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  2. Michael W. Bairu
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  3. Lucie Szüčová
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  4. Karel Doležal
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  5. Jeffrey F. Finnie
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  6. Johannes Van Staden
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Correspondence to Johannes Van Staden.

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Aremu, A.O., Bairu, M.W., Szüčová, L. et al. Shoot and root proliferation in ‘Williams’ banana: are the topolins better cytokinins?. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 111, 209–218 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-012-0187-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-012-0187-9

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