Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Androgenic potential in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Conditions for induction of androgenesis in coconut cv. Sri Lanka Tall were studied. Anthers collected from inflorescences at four maturity stages were given heat (38°C) or cold (4°C) pretreatments for 1, 3, 6 and 14 days, either prior to or post inoculation. Three different basal media and different anther densities were also tested. Androgenesis was observed only in anthers collected from inflorescences 3 weeks before splitting (WBS) and after a heat pretreatment at 38°C for 6 days. Modified Eeuwens Y3 liquid medium supplemented with 100 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), 0.1% activated charcoal and 9% sucrose was effective in inducing an androgenic response. The lowest anther density tested, 10 per petri plate, was found to be the optimal density. When androgenic calli or embryos were subcultured to Y3 medium containing 66 μM 2,4-d, followed by transfer to Y3 medium without plant growth regulators and finally to Y3 medium containing 5 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.35 μM gibberellic acid (GA3), plantlets regenerated at a frequency of 7%. Histological study indicated that the calli and embryos originated from the inner tissues of the anthers. Ploidy analysis of calli and embryos showed that they were haploid. This is the first report of successful androgenesis yielding haploid plants from coconut anthers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

BA:

Benzyladenine

CLZ:

Cambium like zone

2,4-d :

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

NBB:

Naphthol blue black

PAS:

Periodic acid Schiff’s reaction

WBS:

Weeks before splitting

References

  • Achar PN (2002) A study of factors affecting embryo yields from anther culture of cabbage. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 69:183–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnison PG, Donaldson P, Ho LCC, Keller WA (1990) The influence of various physical parameters on anther culture of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 20:147–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball ST, Zhou H, Konzak CF (1993) Influence of 2, 4-d, IAA and duration of callus induction in anther culture of spring wheat. Plant Sci 90:195–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buffard-Morel J, Verdeil JL, Pannetier C (1992) Embryogenèse somatique du cocotier (Cocos nucifera L.) à partir d’explants foliaires: Étude histologique. Can J Bot 70:735–741

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatelet P, Gindreau K, Herve Y (1999) Development and use of microspore culture applied to vegetable Brassica oleracea breeding. In: Clement C, Pacini E, Audran J-C (eds) Anther and pollen. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 247–259

    Google Scholar 

  • Compton ME (1994) Statistical methods suitable for the analysis of plant tissue culture data. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 37:217–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Devaux O, Hou L, Ullrich E, Huang Z, Kleinhof A (1993) Factors affecting anther culturability of recalcitrant barley genotypes. Plant Cell Rep 13:32–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dolezel J, Binarova P, Lucretti S (1989) Analysis of nuclear DNA content in plant cells by flow cytometry. Biol Plant 31:113–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunwell JM (1985) Anther and ovary culture. In: Bright SWJ, Jones MGK (eds) Cereal tissue and cell culture. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp 1–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebert A, Taylor HF (1990) Assessment of the changes of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid concentrations in plant tissue culture media in the presence of activated charcoal. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 20:165–172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernando SC, Gamage CKA (2000) Abscisic acid induced somatic embryogenesis in immature embryo explants of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Plant Sci 151:193–198

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernando SC, Verdeil JL, Hocher V, Weerakoon LK, Hirimburegama K (2003) Histological analysis of plant regeneration from plumule explants of Cocos nucifera L. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 72:281–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher DB (1968) Protein staining of ribboned epon section for light microscopy. Histochemie 16:92–96

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • George EF (1993) Plant propagation by tissue culture. Part I, the technology. Exegetics Limited, Edington, England

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo Y-D, Sewon P, Pulli S (1999) Improved embryogenesis from anther culture and plant regeneration in timothy. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 57: 85–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hou L, Ullrich SE, Kleinhofs A, Stiff CM (1993) Improvement of anther culture methods for double haploid production in barley breeding. Plant Cell Rep 12:334–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Immonen S, Anttila H (1999) Cold pretreatment to enhance green plant regeneration from rye anther culture. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 57:121–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ishizaka H (1998) Production of microspore derived plants by anther culture of an inter-specific F1 hybrid between Cyclamen persicum × C. Purpurascens. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 54:21–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iyer RD (1981) In: Rao AN (ed) Proceedings COSTED symposium on tissue culture of economically important plants. National University Singapore, Singapore, pp 219–230

  • Jacquard C, Asakaviciute R, Hamalian AM (2006) Barley anther culture: effects of annual cycle and spike position on microspore embryogenesis and albinism. Plant Cell Rep 25:375–381

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karunaratne S, Periyapperuma K (1989) Culture of immature embryos of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.): Callus proliferation and somatic embryogenesis. Plant Sci 62:247–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kernan Z, Ferrie AMR (2005) Microspore embryogenesis and the development of a double haploidy protocol for cow cockle (Saponaria vaccaria). Plant Cell Rep 25:274–280

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim M, Kim J, Yoon M, Choi D, Lee M (2004) Origin of multicellular pollen and pollen embryos in cultured anthers of pepper (Capsicum annum). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 77:63–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konieczny R, Czaplicki AZ, Golczyk H, Przywara L (2003) Two pathways of plant regeneration in wheat anther culture. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 73:177–187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kovoor A (1981) Palm tissue culture: state of art and its application to the coconut. FAO Plant production and protection paper 30. FAO, Rome

  • Metwally EI, Moustafa SA, Ei-Sawy BI, Shalaby TA (1998) Haploid plantlets derived by anther culture of Cucurbita pepo. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 52: 171–176

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monfort S (1985) Androgenesis of coconut: embryos from anther culture. Z Pflanzenzuchtg 94:251–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ochatt S, Zhang Y (1996) Haploid plants from pollen grains. Science 163: 85–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Peixe A, Barroso J, Potes A, Pais MS (2004) Induction of haploid morphogenic calluses from in vitro cultured anthers of Prunus armeniaca cv. ‘Harcot’. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 77:35–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peng M, Wolyn DJ (1999) Improved callus formation and plant regeneration for shed microspore culture in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.). Plant Cell Rep 18: 954–958

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perera PIP (2003) Cytological examination of pollen development for microspore and anther culture of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) cv Sri Lanka Tall. Cocos 15:53–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Perera PIP, Hocher V, Verdiil JL, Doulbeau S, Yakandawala DMD, Weerakoon LK (2007). Unfertilised ovary: a novel explant for coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep 26: 21–28

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raina SK, Iyre RD (1983) Multicelled pollen pro-embryoids and callus formation in tea anther culture. J Plant Crops (Supplement):63–67

  • Reynolds TL (1997) Pollen embryogenesis. Plant Mol Biol 33:1–10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues LR, Oliverira JMS, Mariath JEA, Iranco LB, Bodanese-Zanettini MH (2005) Anther culture and cold treatment of floral buds increased symmetrical and extra nuclei frequencies in soybean pollen grains. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 81:101–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandoval A, Hocher V, Verdeil JL (2003) Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in different coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) tissues cultured in vitro. Plant Cell Rep 22:25–31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SAS Institute Inc. (1999) SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 7-1. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, North Carolina

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimada T (1981) Haploid plants regenerated from the pollen callus of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Jpn J Genet 56:581–588

    Google Scholar 

  • Thanh-Tuyen NT (1985) Anther culture: its prospects to coconut improvement. Philipp J Crop Sci 10:28–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Thanh-Tuyen NT, De Guzman EV (1983) Formation of pollen embryos in cultured anthers of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Plant Sci Lett 29:81–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verdeil JL, Buffard-Morel J, Pannetier C (1989) Somatic embryogenesis of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) from leaf and inflorescence tissue. Research findings and prospects. Oleagineux 44:403–411

    Google Scholar 

  • Weerakoon LK (2004) Coconut tissue and embryo culture in Sri Lanka: current developments and future challenges. In: Peiris TSG, Ranasinghe CS (eds) Proc intern conf coconut res inst Sri Lanka—Part 1 (Review papers and guest presentations). CRI, Lunuwila, Sri Lanka, pp 41–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong C-K, Ko S-W, Woo S-C (1983) Regeneration of rice plantlets on NaCl-stressed medium by anther culture. Bot Bull Acad Sinica 24: 59–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao F-C, Nilanthi D, Yang Y-S, Wu H (2006) Anther culture and haploid plant regeneration in purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 86: 55–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng MY, Konzak CF (1999) Effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on callus induction and plant regeneration in anther culture of wheat (Triticum asetivum L.). Plant Cell Rep 19:69–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng MY (2003) Microspore culture in wheat (Triticum aestivum)—doubled haploid production via induced embryogenesis. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 73: 213–230

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge Mr. C. Duperray (INSERM, Montpellier, France) for the technical assistance in flow-cytometry. We are also thankful to Mr. J. D. J. S. Kularatne for the assistance in statistical analysis. Our special thanks go to Ms. Shantha Ramanayake for reading the manuscript critically.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tissue Culture Division, Coconut Research Institute, Lunuwila, 61150, Sri Lanka

    P. I. P. Perera, H. D. D. Bandupriya & L. K. Weerakoon

  2. Institute for Research and Development (IRD), UMR 1098 BEPC, IRD, BP 64501, 911 Av. Agropolis, Montpellier Cedex 1, 34394, France

    V. Hocher

  3. CIRAD, TA40/02 Avenue Agropolis, Montpellier Cedex 5, 34398, France

    J.-L. Verdeil

  4. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    D. M. D. Yakandawala

  5. Post-Graduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    P. I. P. Perera & D. M. D. Yakandawala

Authors
  1. P. I. P. Perera
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Hocher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J.-L. Verdeil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. H. D. D. Bandupriya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. D. M. D. Yakandawala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. L. K. Weerakoon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. I. P. Perera.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Perera, P.I.P., Hocher, V., Verdeil, JL. et al. Androgenic potential in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 92, 293–302 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-008-9337-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-008-9337-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation