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Node-derived cultures with high-morphogenic competence in barley and wheat

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Abstract

A successful regeneration system is presented for elite cultivars in barley and wheat based on nodes. Nodal explants were excised from in vitro and ex vitro grown plants. A combination of 8.28 μM 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid and 4.54 μM to 22.71 μm thidiazuron (TDZ) used in MS-based medium containing 60 g l−1 maltose favoured induction of clumps of multiple shoots/buds with or without callus formation in the primary cultures. Within 8–10 weeks upon further subcultures, the proliferation into callus with rapid and continuously forming adventitious buds containing clusters of meristemoids, termed meristematic bulk tissue (MBT) was obtained. Lowering the levels of growth regulators resulted in redifferentiation of shoots, which elongated, rooted, developed into morphologically normal plants and set seeds normally. With a frequency ranging between 37 and 82% the nodes raised from in vitro grown plants were proliferated into MBT independent of TDZ concentration, cultivar and species. The average number of shoots per responding node in different cultivars was 7–15 in barley and 1–6 in wheat after 12–14 weeks. Nodes from greenhouse grown plants mainly responded for callus formation with poor development of MBT.

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Abbreviations

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

MBT:

Meristematic bulk tissue

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NSS:

Nodal shoot segment

Picloram:

4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Claudia Hasse and Anja Zander for excellent technical assistance. We thank Limagrain Nickerson for cv. Duet; Nordsaat Saatzuchtgesellschaft mbH for cv. Merlot, Saatzucht Schweiger GbR for cv. Florida and Deutsche Saatveredelung for cv. Triso.

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  1. Department of Plant Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany

    Vijendra K. Sharma, Robert Hänsch, Ralf R. Mendel & Jutta Schulze

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  1. Vijendra K. Sharma
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  2. Robert Hänsch
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  3. Ralf R. Mendel
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  4. Jutta Schulze
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Correspondence to Jutta Schulze.

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Sharma, V.K., Hänsch, R., Mendel, R.R. et al. Node-derived cultures with high-morphogenic competence in barley and wheat. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 88, 21–33 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-006-9172-5

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