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Anemone study: prevalence of risk factors for superficial vein thrombosis in a large Italian population of blood donors

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Abstract

Knowledge of the distribution of risk factors for superficial thrombosis (SVT) in low-risk population is fundamental to improve the prevention of the disease in each individual and high-risk settings of patients. Exact frequency data for the low-risk population are scarce, but could be useful for optimal use of prophylactic strategies against venous thrombosis. Blood donors represent a low-risk population, because are healthier than the general population. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of vein thrombosis, particularly SVT, and associated risk factors in a low-risk population such as blood donors. In this multicentre cross-sectional study, donors from six Italian blood banks responded to a self-administered questionnaire. The enrolment lasted from 1st June 2017 to 30th July 2018. History of vein thrombosis was referred by 89 (0.76%) individuals, (49 men) with an age-dependent effect. The prevalence reached 2.9% in women and 0.8% in men aged ≥ 49 years, with a significant difference only for women. After controlling for potential confounders, a significant and independent association was found between a history of vein thrombosis and age (OR: 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.05), varicose veins (OR: 15.8, 95%CI 7.7–32.6), plaster cast/bed rest (OR: 2.3, 95% CI 1.0–5.3) and transfusion (OR: 5.1, 95% CI 1.3–19.5). This study shows that low-risk individuals share the same risk factors for SVT as patients in secondary care. It also suggests that transfusion confers an increased risk of SVT in healthy population.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank M.R.J. Vespa for English language editing and Dr. N. Di Renzo for helpful suggestions.

Funding

Not applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thrombosis and Haemostasis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Viale Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

    Elvira Grandone, Giovanni Luca Tiscia, Filomena Cappucci, Patrizia Vergura & Antonio De Laurenzo

  2. Ob/Gyn Department of The First I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia

    Elvira Grandone

  3. Transfusion Medicine Service, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, and Struttura Regionale Coordinamento Puglia, Bari, Italy

    Angelo Ostuni

  4. Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

    Lazzaro di Mauro

  5. Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

    Mario Mastroianno

  6. Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, A.S.S.T. Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy

    Nadia Coffetti & Roberto Dovigo

  7. Transfusion Medicine Service, Area Vasta 5, Ascoli Piceno-San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy

    Giovanna Meneghini

  8. Laboratorio Analisi Chimico-Cliniche e di Medicina Trasfusionale, Ospedale “Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria”, Negrar, Verona, Italy

    Anna Turrini

  9. Department of Internal Medicine, “Santa Croce e Carle” Hospital, Cuneo, Italy

    Giobatta Cavallero

  10. Haematology Department, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy

    Alberto Tosetto

  11. Medical Genetics, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

    Maurizio Margaglione

Authors
  1. Elvira Grandone
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  2. Giovanni Luca Tiscia
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  15. Maurizio Margaglione
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Consortia

FCSA (Italian Federation of Anticoagulation Clinics)

Contributions

EG, GLT, AO, AT conceived and designed the study; EG, GLT, AO, MM analysed and interpreted data; AO, LDM, NC, RD, GM, AT, GB, FC, PV, ADL collected data; EG, MM performed statistics; AO, LDM, NC, RD, GM, AT, GB recruited study materials or patients; EG made draft of the article or part of the article; EG, GLT, AO, MM critically revised the article for important intellectual content; EG, AO planned administrative, technical, or logistic support; EG is guarantor of the study; EG supervised the study.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elvira Grandone.

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The study was approved by Local Ethics Committee and was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Authors obtained informed consent from each participant.

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Grandone, E., Tiscia, G.L., Ostuni, A. et al. Anemone study: prevalence of risk factors for superficial vein thrombosis in a large Italian population of blood donors. J Thromb Thrombolysis 50, 689–696 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-020-02140-5

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