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QoTa-MPR: QoS-oriented and traffic-aware multi-path routing protocol for internet of remote things

Telecommunication Systems volume 78, pages 515–530 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) is widely used in both military and civilian applications. However, due to the unique characteristics, which is characterized as long-distance and high-latency, the design of the routing protocol is a great challenge of IoRT. In this paper, a QoS-oriented and traffic-aware multi-path routing protocol (QoTa-MRP) is proposed for IoRT. QoTa-MRP is composed of two parts. The first part is the link traffic-aware based muti-paths source route discovery mechanism, which is used to establish multi-paths with lower link disjoint degree. The second part is path similarity and traffic priority based multi-path selection mechanism, which is used to determine the transmission mode of the traffic flows to enhance the reliability or effectiveness of the transmission. Simultaneously, the protocol is theoretically analyzed in terms of the successful transmission rate of routing transmission data packet. Finally, the dynamic source routing, which is a very representative protocol and is usually used as the baseline comparison protocol, is revisited for the performance verification of the QoTa-MRP in IoRT. It is shown in the simulation results that there are significant superiorities of QoTa-MRP than that of DSR in terms of network throughput, packet loss rate and routing packet header overhead in IoRT .

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China

    Zhongyu Ma, Yanxing Liu, Xiaochao Dang, Zhanjun Hao & Ran Tian

  2. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China

    Qun Guo

  3. Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Control for Industrial Processes, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China

    Qun Guo

  4. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Electrical and Control Engineering Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China

    Qun Guo

  5. Gansu Provincial Research Center for Conservation of Dunhang Cultural Heritage, Lanzhou, China

    Zhongyu Ma

  6. Gansu Internet of Things Engineering Research Center, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China

    Zhongyu Ma, Xiaochao Dang, Zhanjun Hao & Ran Tian

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  1. Zhongyu Ma
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  2. Yanxing Liu
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  3. Qun Guo
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  4. Xiaochao Dang
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  5. Zhanjun Hao
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  6. Ran Tian
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Correspondence to Qun Guo.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work in this paper.

Funding

This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant No. 61762079, 61662070 and 71961028), Key Science and Technology Development Foundation of Gansu (Grant No. 1604FKCA097 and 17YF1GA015), Key Research and Development Foundation of Gansu (Grant No. 20YF8GA048), Western Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Science and Technology Planning Projects (Grant No. 2017-4-101, 2018-01-58 and 2019-RC-114), Innovation Ability Promotion Project of Gansu Universities (Grant No. 2019B-038), Young Teachers’ Scientific Research Ability Promotion Fund of Northwest Normal University (Grant No. NWNU-LKQN2021-04), Open Project of Gansu Provincial Research Center for Conservation of Dunhang Cultural Heritage (Grant No. GDW2021ZD04) and Open Project for Gansu Key Laboratory of Cloud Computing (Grant No. 2021KLCCGP002).

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Ma, Z., Liu, Y., Guo, Q. et al. QoTa-MPR: QoS-oriented and traffic-aware multi-path routing protocol for internet of remote things. Telecommun Syst 78, 515–530 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-021-00828-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-021-00828-4

Keywords

  • Internet of remote things
  • QoS-oriented
  • Traffic-aware
  • Multi-path routing